First Week of The New Year 2011 Astronomy and Weather Scenario in Visakhapatnam

trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com
Volume 2011, Issue No.1, Dt. 6th January, 2011, Time: 12:38:55

The Weather Scenario of 2nd to 4th Jan 2011 and the possible effects of the Partial Solar Eclipse
by
Professor Dr Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana
{Retd. Prof. of Phys, SU} 17-11-101, Narsimha Ashram, Official Colony, Maharanipeta.P.O, Visakhapatnam-530002.

ABSTRACT:

The sudden change of weather on 2nd January 2011 evening with the descent of dense fog reducing the visibility by 40% is a consequence of the chilly winds that have blown from the North to the South in India. Certain gravity waves, doggy sun visions and the cluster formations of the clouds were very fascinating since the entire city has been engulfed in a dense fog. Sun spectrum intensity profiles at the Sun rise later during the eclipse period of 12h10m11s to 16h30m54s have been obtained. The Sun spectra with the X-Ray film filter and directly of the Sun could be obtained in spite of the possible damage to the pixel digital camera sensitivity. The mornings in Visakhapatnam are a great hindrance to observe the Sun rise in its purity and totality. The harbor environmental pollution also adds to the smog and the fog of the winter season.
Keywords: Gravity waves, Sun visible spectra, Cloud formations, fog.

INTRODUCTION

The chilly and snow weather engulfed the North India extreme regions of Jammu & Kashmir valleys and the Himalayan range. The weather in USA and Europe was also very snowy, blocking the several roads, pathways and cold. On 2nd January 2011, Araku Valley near Visakhapatnam and New Delhi are equally dense with fog. In New Delhi temperature maximum was only 14.6degC which is about 6degC less than the expected temperature. Leh recorded -23degC and Gulmarg, Southern Kashmir Pahalgaon, recorded less than -12degC. Bajigunda patanam has recorded -7.4degC. Anantha Nag and Kokarnag have recorded -6degC. On Sunday 2nd January 2011 Srinagar recorded -2.4degC. There were chilly winds that caused some deaths. The first snow fall in Jammu & Kashmir was on 30th December 2010.

Partial Solar Eclipse:


The occurrence of partial Solar Eclipse over the North India, North Europe North Africa and West Asia and the Islands of the Arabian Sea on the Tuesday 2011 for about four noon hours has affected the onset of weather changes considerably. On the mid afternoon of the 5th January 2011 the chilly weather suddenly took over Visakhapatnam that continued to the afternoon of 6th January 2011.In Europe morning partial eclipse was only barely visible.

IMAGES:

Fig 1 IMG_1527kln Gravity Waves on 2nd Jan 2011 evening



Fig 2 IMG 1540kln on 4th Jan 2011 Sun Spectrum at Sun rise through Fog


Fig 3 IMG 1544kln Direct spectrum of Sun at 12h16m on 4th Jan 2011



Fig 4 IMG 1550 1551 Sun Spectrum at 14h10m Xray filter and direct 4th Jan2011



Fig 5 Sun through an X-Ray film strip 4th Jan 2011



Fig 6 Partial Solar Eclipse View in a Panchang

Fig 7 img1562 of SUN on6thJan2011at5h03mPMspectrum



Fig 8 GOES 4th Jan 2011[Ref.4]



Fig 9 IMG_1586kln Mrigashira Hunter a clear view of even the colors
Note the Nebulae Brilliance Below the Belt region



Fig 10 Spectra of Moon contrast with Jupiter on 9th Jan 2011 at 19h17m

ACKNOWLEDGMENT:

I am indebted to late Professor K Rangadhama Rao D.Sc. (Madras) D.Sc. (London) of JVD College of Science & Technology, Andhra University, Waltair for his stimulation, encouragement and constant help in my research endeavour.

REFERENCES:

0. SpaceWeather.com:

A solar wind stream flowing from the indicated coronal hole should reach Earth around Jan. 5th or 6th.Sun Spot number 54.Sunspot 1142 was found growing and began to crackle with C-Class solar flares. The geomagnetic field is expected to be at quiet levels during day 1 (05 January) of the forecast period. Activity is expected to increase to quiet to unsettled levels on days 2 and 3 (06 - 07 January) as a recurrent coronal hole high speed stream begins to disturb the field.06 Jan2011. A solar wind stream flowing from the indicated coronal hole should reach Earth around Jan. 7th. Photo taken by Antonio Finazzi, Castel Venzago di Lonato (BS) in Italy. Jan. 4, 2011.

1. INDIA NEWS ECLIPSE
In Delhi, the eclipse started at about 3.12 p.m., with the peak being at 3.32 p.m. hours and ended at 3.52 p.m. The maximum portion of the Sun covered during the eclipse was only three per cent, Science Popularisation Association of Communicators and Educators (SPACE) General Secretary Sachin Bhambha said.In India, the eastern fringe of the penumbral shadow of the Moon passed over the Kutch and other parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir, retired Prof. R. C. Kapoor of Indian Institute of Astro Physics said. The next best opportunity to see a solar eclipse covering major parts of the country will be on December 26, 2019. In 2011, a total of six solar eclipses will occur — four solar and two lunar. N. Raghunandan Kumar of Planetary Society of India said a combination of four solar and two lunar eclipses in a single year will occur only six times during the 21st century — 2011, 2029, 2047, 2065, 2076 and 2094. The Eclipse is happening in the Purvashadha Nakshatra of Dhanu Rashi hence Ganesha advises the people of Dhanu rashi and purvashadha nakshatra to remain alert for health issues. You may keep chanting OM SURYAYA NAMAH or THE GAYATRI MANTRA. Posted by admin on January 4, 2011 • surya grahan Surya Grahan on January 4, 2011 is only partially visible in Northwestern parts of India – parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir. Time in India is from – 15:11:49 hrs to 15:52:02 hrs.s. People of European cities such as Madrid (Spain), Paris (France), London (UK), Copenhagen (Denmark), etc. A partial solar eclipse as seen from the town of Givatayim near Tel Aviv, Israel. A partial solar eclipse began Tuesday in the skies over the Mideast and will extend across much of Europe, 4 Jan 2011
2. Published January 4, 2011

Sweden, saw the maximum eclipse, with about 80 percent coverage. The morning skies over Europe, the Mideast and elsewhere dimmed in an unnatural twilight early Tuesday when the moon blocked part of the sun in the first partial solar eclipse of the year. In Rome, cloudy skies made the solar eclipse a touch eerie as the moon appeared to take a bite out of the sun during the three-hour eclipse. "It was a memorable experience, and I feel lucky to [have seen] it," said astronomer Gianluca Masi of Italy, who observed the event as part of the Virtual Telescope Project. Masi watched the partial solar eclipse from Rome, where the sun was just under two-thirds — about 61 percent — obscured by the moon. In Sweden, where the eclipse was at its maximum, the moon blocked out about 80 percent of the sun's disk. Skywatcher Dennis Put of Maasvlakte in the Netherlands snapped stunning photos of the solar eclipse at sunrise, despite a disheartening weather forecast. "The expectations on viewing the eclipse the day before were not very high due to a great chance on complete cloud overcast, but it turned out well!" Put said in a description of the event. Put's photos show the solar eclipse already under way as the sun was rising, giving the dawn what he described as a "double sunrise" look. At one point, an airplane passed across the face of the sun, offering a double eclipse of sorts. There were still some clouds that in the sky over the Netherlands, but Put said they didn't intrude too much. In all, Put took 675 photos of the partial solar eclipse. "A successful eclipse!" he exclaimed. Likewise, Masi said the eclipse still dazzled, despite a cloudy sky above Rome. "The clouds added some special flavor the images," Masi told Space.com in an e-mail. Masi said the sun was low on Rome's southeastern horizon during the eclipse. Tuesday's partial solar eclipse began over Algeria. According to Sky & Telescope magazine, millions of skywatchers across Europe and parts of Africa, the Middle East and Asia had a chance to observe the eclipse, weather permitting. "Europeans won't get another opportunity to see the sun covered to this extent until March 20, 2015," Sky & Telescope reported before the event.
3. GOES DATA:

The geomagnetic field is expected to be at quiet levels during day 1 (05 January) of the forecast period. Activity is expected to increase to quiet to unsettled levels on days 2 and 3 (06 - 07 January) as a recurrent coronal hole high speed stream begins to disturb the field.
4. ASTRONOMY:

To start the day off we have Mercury shining brightly in the east-southeastern sky about an hour before the sun comes up. Then, you can find Venus, also shining bright, far to the upper right of Mercury. Saturn rises at about 1:00 am ET, but it becomes best to view during dawn as well. Find it to the far upper right of Venus in the south-southeast. Mars remains hidden in the glow of the sunset for now. The Winter Triangle is now seen up in the east-southeast at around 8:00 pm ET. It is made up of Orion's star Betelgeuse, the star Procyon to the left and brilliant Sirius on the bottom. It is actually nicer and brighter than its counterpart, The Summer Triangle, appearing more colorful and even more equilateral. Vega can be spotted low in the northwestern sky after it gets dark and Deneb, which is the head of the Northern Cross, is seen right above it.
5. ScienceDaily (Jan. 6, 2011)

"We were dumbfounded," said Roger Blandford, who directs the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, jointly located at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University. The Crab Nebula, one of our best-known and most stable neighbors in the winter sky, is shocking scientists with a propensity for fireworks -- gamma-ray flares set off by the most energetic particles ever traced to a specific astronomical object. See our previous blog Friday, December 31, 2010 The Astronomy Study at Visakhapatnam at the Year 2010 end Week trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com, Volume 2010, Issue No.12, Dt.27th December 2010 Time: 14h43m, on a brilliant spot observed in Hunter-Orion Constellation the sword region.

A Gift of the New Year 2011 for Astronomy: The Simultaneous record of Venus and Moon Visible Spectra & Intensity Profiles Analysis

trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com
Volume No 2011, Issue No.1, Dt. 1st January 2011 Time:16:43:55
by
Professor Dr Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana
{Retd. Prof. of Phys,SU} 17-11-10, Narsimha Ashram, Official Colony, Maharanipeta.P.O, Visakhapatnam-530002.Cell 9491902867


ABSTRACT:


The 1st January 2011 offered a very nice Astronomy event of proximity of Moon and the Planet Venus. The simultaneous record of the visible spectra of the light emitted by Moon and the Venus could be image captured in the same frame. The spectra have been analyzed and the intensity profiles obtained. The Saturn however is too feeble to observe and record the spectrum by the digital canon camera.


Introduction:

A. Facts about Planet Venus from Google Search:

* Diameter: 12,100 km. It is about 1040km smaller in diameter than Earth
* Temperature: Ranges from 900F+/- 50F (about 500°C +/- 32°C) at the surface
* Distance from Earth: At its closest, Venus is 41,840,000 km away
* Atmosphere: Carbon dioxide (95%), nitrogen, sulfuric acid, and traces of other elements
* Surface: A rocky, dusty, waterless expanse of mountains, canyons, and plains, with a 200-mile river of hardened lava
* Rotation of its axis: 243 Earth days (1 Venusian Day)
* Rotation around the Sun: 225 Earth days
* Magnetic Field: No
Venus is the brightest object in the sky besides our Sun and the Moon. It is also known as the morning star because at sunrise it appears in the east and evening star as it appears at sunset when it is in the west. It cannot be seen in the middle of the night. A Venusian day is 243 Earth days and is longer than its year of 225 days. Oddly, Venus rotates from east to west (retrograde - opposite to that of earth). If you were on Venus, the Sun would rise in the west and set in the east.Venus and Earth are close together in space and similar in size, which is the reason Venus is called Earth's sister planet. It's brightness is due to two things. Firstly it is quite close to earth compared to the other planets. Secondly it is highly reflective and a lot of sunlight bounces off the planet. Venus was once thought to be a tropical planet rich in vegetation. It was difficult to find out what the surface of Venus was like because it was always covered in cloud. The temperature at ground level was 840 degrees fahrenheit, the atmospheric pressure was 90 times that of earth and the atmosphere was highly corrosive. The extremely high temperatures on Venus seem to have been caused by the high quantities of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which has lead to the greenhouse effect, so an understanding of our sister planet could have profound importance for the future of our own.


B. Atmosphere:

Possessing sulfuric acid clouds, the atmosphere of Venus is mostly carbon dioxide (96 percent), nitrogen (3.5 percent), and carbon monoxide, argon, sulfur dioxide, and water vapor (all less than 1 percent). The atmosphere is so thick and heavy that it bends light, making the ground appear to curve upward in all directions. The planet's atmosphere is ninety times heavier than Earth's. Orion the Hunter appears conspicuous in the eastern sky as twilight fades, and it grows even more prominent after darkness settles in. The star group climbs highest in the south around 11 p.m. local time, when it stands about halfway to the zenith from mid-northern latitudes. On 2nd Jan 2011this evening, Jupiter fits the bill perfectly. The brilliant planet lies just 0.6° due south of Uranus. If you center Jupiter through your binoculars, Uranus’ blue-green glow appears just to its north. Because both planets are drifting slowly eastward relative to the background stars of Pisces, they will remain close for most of January. So, if the weather doesn’t cooperate tonight, you’ll have more chances in the coming weeks.


Our Observations:


The simultaneous record of the spectrum of the Venus and the Moon within one frame of a digital image capture happens to be the NEW YEAR 2011 gift from this web Blog Dashboard. Other morning observations are presented below.


Images:

Fig 1 of 1st Jan2011 pics of Moon Venus kln from Movie at 16x


Fig 2 IMG_1515kln Moon Venus Spectra both at the same timeat5h36mAMon1stjan2011


Fig 3 IMG_1504kln Venus Spectrum 1stjan2011at4h34mAM


Fig 4 IMG_1522kln Moon Venus and two bright stars Simultaneous record of spectrum of Moon and the Venus in the same frame of Digital Imaging with Canon Camera

ACKNOWLEDGMENT:

I am deeply indebted to late Professor K.Rangadhama Rao D.Sc.(Madras) D.Sc.(London) of JVDCollege of Science & Technology, Andhra University, Waltair, for his intiation and stimulation provide to me to be researcher in Fundamental Physics.

The Astronomy Study at Visakhapatnam at the Year 2010 end Week

trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com
Volume 2010, Issue No.12, Dt.27th December 2010 Time: 14h43m
The Astronomy Study of the Last week of 2010 Year
by
Professor Dr Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana
{Retd.Prof.of Physics, SU} 17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram, Official Colony, Maharanipeta.P.O,
Viskahapatnam-530002 Mobile Cell: 9491902867 BSNL

ABSTRACT:

The last week of the Year 2010 of four different eclipses and several earthquakes and super cyclones offered a rich show of colorful clouds and the clear sky suitable for the Astronomy Study. The weather scenario changed considerably to certain chilliness from the evening of 27th December 2010 with pleasantly cold breeze. The cloud covered Moon on 29th morning gave a brilliant yellow appearance. The intensity profiles of the Moon and Venus spectra within and away from the clouds provided a comparative study of the clouds absorption properties of visible light. The two bright stars accompanying the Moon gave a clear view to follow the apparent motion of the Moon over different constellations. The Moon occultation of some stars could be identified. . Visible Spectra profiles of Sun, Moon and Venus are presented.

Keywords: Astronomy, Weather Report Visakhapatnam, Soliton Waves, Lunar Eclipse distant effect, Coriolois force, Classical Mechanics

INTRODUCTION:

The weather scenario at Visakhapatnam has changed since the evening of 26th December 2010 with blowing chilly gentle breeze. The Sun continues to be bright and has the warmth of the winter season. The minimum temperatures have raised little up so the people are finding it more comfortable to move around with minimal winter dress gear. The Indian Calendar has no specific mention of events in this week except that routine and regular worship of the Gods and Goddesses.

On 26th December Moon was near the Leo constellation with Makkha i.e. Regulus till 12h06m noon. Leo raises behind Cancer the Crab. The most recognizable part of Leo is its backward question-mark shaped head. This shape is also sometimes referred to as The Sickle. To the left of the question mark is the Lion's body, usually seen as a triangle. Regulus marks the period in the question mark shape. At magnitude 1.36, the main star of Leo is Regulus; a triple star has flushed white and ultramarine. The brightest star in Leo the Lion is the alpha star - Regulus. Regulus is a blue star lying about 77 light-years away. Regulus is sometimes considered the heart of the Lion. Regulus lies very close to the ecliptic, or the plane in the sky that the sun, moon, and planets travel on. Therefore, Regulus will often make close encounters with solar system objects, even occasionally being occulted, or hidden behind, the moon.

Astronomy interest:

Of Astronomy interest is that the movement of Moon through the constellations of Leo (Purva δ-of Leo) 27th Dec and 28th Dec 2010 (Uttar Phalguni Nakshtras) Denebola which is more luminous than the Sun, emitting 12 times the solar energy. It is one of a fairly rare "Vega" class of stars that is surrounded by a veil of infrared- emitting dust. Since the planets of our Solar System were apparently created from a circumstellar dusty cloud, such dust implies the possibility that Denebola might have planets as well, though there is no direct evidence for them. Denebola is also a subtle variable star of the "Delta Scuti" type. Such stars vary in brightness by small amounts over periods of only hours. The star shows no evidence for any kind of stellar companion. The apparent magnitude of Denebola is 2.14.
And then over to Chitta Nakshtra i.e. Spica of the Virgo constellation.
A bright star at an elevation of about 45 degrees, directly east or a little south of east. This is Arcturus. Swathi Nakshatra i.e. Arcturus of Bootes constellation would be the Moon star on the 30th December 2010.

It’s very interesting to note that the morning of the January 1st, of the New Year 2011 would be the end of the VISAKHA Nakshatra the prominent single star of Libra Constellation at around 3h20mAM. But Viskha Nakshatra is described as a necklace of five stars in the Indian Calendar that dates to eons ago. Libra is near the east-southeastern horizon. It is known from literature that it has the general shape of a trapezoid if one looks up at it facing toward the east-southeast. Libra is supposed to represent the scales of justice. This constellation is faint and once was considered to be part of Scorpio, the scorpion.

OUR OBSERVATIONS:

The Lambasinga village in Andhra Pradesh registered about 1.5degC on December 28th, 2010 the lowest while the Chintapalli agency area recorded about 3.3degC a decrease by 0.2degC on the same day. The chilly breezy weather increased from the evening of 27th December 2010 at Visakhapatnam, and the Sun shine decreased considerably by 20% on the 28th December 2010. The morning of 29th December 2010 there were bands of cloud movement from the East to the West. These clouds could be image captured while photographing the Moon and Venus duo of the Eastern sky. A jet plane smoke line was also captured vividly on the screen along with red glowing clouds. The Moon appeared very bright Yellow, when image captured in the red glowing clouds at. The intensity profiles of Venus and the Moon spectra obtained within and free from clouds have been analyzed. They are given Fig 6. The Fig 5 shows the bright brilliance of probably a single star of a Nebula in Hunter-Orion in the sword region. This is a good finding and may be a laser enhanced brilliance in the nebulous clouds since it is found to be a spot beamed brilliance.
The Gray Ocean at Visakhapatnam in twilight of morning of 31st Dec 2010 was a very enchanting .The intensity profile however shows the noise profile due to various kinds of scatterings involved at different radiations of X-Rays and Microwaves of the Upper atmosphere.
An important observation is that the unseen Lunar Eclipse in India may be the cause of sudden weather changes during the days from the evening of Christmas day till the morning of 29th Dec 2010. The 30th Dec 2010 night sky was very clear for digital imaging. But again the morning of 31st Dec 2010 there were clouds gathered on the East just at the time of the Sun rise. The Sun, Moon and Venus spectra offered a rich dividend and an attempt has been made by the present author to analyze the Ocean Wave slashing spectrum under the sodium lamp excitations. One of images shows the bright brilliance of probably a single star of a Nebula in Hunter-Orion in the sword region. This is a good finding and may be a laser enhanced brilliance in the nebulous clouds since it is found to be a spot beamed brilliance. The Gray Ocean at Visakhapatnam in twilight of morning of 31st Dec 2010 was a very enchanting .The intensity profile however shows the noise profile due to various kinds of scatterings involved at different radiations of X-Rays and Microwaves of the Upper atmosphere.

Theory and Model for the 4-day weather phenomenon:

The sudden weather changes that occurred during the 25th Dec to 29th Dec 2010 may be surmised as a phenomenon following the occurrence of the Lunar Eclipse in the region of Pacific Ocean. It is well known that the wind and other monsoon rain movement are governed partly by the Coriolis force of the Earth’s rotation. A classical mechanics approach gives the theory of the phenomenon following the lunar eclipse as a soliton like wind movement following certain paths of the Coriolis decided driving forces. But my theory is that this phenomenon happened due to the kln type of waves surmised in one of the posts at this Blog dashboard long ago. The idea is that the soliton being a second order phenomenon the kln waves describe a diffusive third phenomenon with the starting by the soliton like waves. It’s not just an envelop wave phenomenon of the solitons but is something subtly different. Model hence is total a new approach and allows study of individual happenings in the weather scenario at a global level.

IMAGES:

Fig 1 IMG_1359kln Jupiter and near Stars of Pisces

Fig 2 IMG_1366kln Moon with relatively bright objects

Fig 3 IMG_1375KLN Moon and Venus on either side of the two bright stars


FIG 4 The Leo Virgo and Libra of 2010 Year End week Constellations of the Moon


Fig 5 IMG_1388kln Hunter of Orion with the Nebula showing a bright Star NEW Brilliance

Fig 6 IMG_1397kln Moon with near stars over Narasimha Ashram

Fig 7 IMG 1398kln Moon with two near Bright stars and Venus

Fig 8 IMG_1409kln Moon and Venus in Dawn twilight and the glowing red cloud bands

Fig 9 IMG_1427kln Moon two bright stars with Venus

Fig 10 IMG_1436kln Moon Venus and one Bright object

Fig 11 IMG_1477kln Sun Spectrum in two orders of magnitude Profile

Fig 12 of 30th Dec2010 Moon spectra and the Venus Arcturus and two bright stars

RESULTS:

An important observation is that the unseen Lunar Eclipse in India may be the cause of sudden weather changes during the days from the evening of Christmas day till the morning of 29th Dec 2010. The 30th Dec 2010 night sky was very clear for digital imaging. But again the morning of 31st Dec 2010 there were clouds gathered on the East just at the time of the Sun rise. The Sun, Moon and Venus spectra offered a rich dividend and an attempt has been made by the present author to analyze the Ocean Wave slashing spectrum under the sodium lamp excitations.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

I am deeply indebted to late Prof K Rangadhama Rao D.Sc. (Madras). D.Sc. (London) at JVD College of Science & Technology, Waltair, for his support of my studies in Fundamental Physics.



ADDENDUM:

FIG 13 an ancient Romantic Poetry in Telugu on (Rohini) Aldebaran (Hasta) Curves and (kumkuma Bharani) Aries

Plasma Ball Observation on a Christmas night Astronomy Study Dec 21st to Dec 26th 2010 KLN

trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com

The Astronomy Study of Visakhapatnam Sky and The Weather scenario of 21st to 26th December 2010

by
Professor Dr. Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana
{Retd.Prof.of Physics, SU}
17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram, Official Colony,
Maharanipeta.P.O.Visakhaptnam-530002.

ABSTRACT:

The Northern Hemisphere ice bergs of Greenland have shown declination. The entire Greenland icebergs melt would raise the ocean heights by 6.5 meters submerging the most of the land on the Earth. There are signs of Himalayan Mountain Glacier melts at a faster rate than anticipated. The Dec 21st 2010 there would be a Moon Eclipse shadow affect that would make the Moon appear as in Dark Copper color. The total eclipse would occur in 372 years on a Tuesday, in western Africa, Pacific Ocean, East Australia, Philippines, North and East Asia countries. The winter Solstices also occurs on the Tuesday 2010 December 21st. The phenomenal apparent movement of Moon from the nearness to Hunter of Orion towards Visakha, the Serpens constellation happened in the days from 21st Dec 2010 to 31st Dec 2010. The 25th December 2010 around 2hAM the Gravity waves and the Air Glow produced by the Stratifications of the Clouds has been successfully image captured. This constitutes a first report of its kind on the Moon lit morning hours of the Christmas Day 2010.

keywords: Plasma Physics, Astronomy, Weather, Christmas Day 2010

Introduction:

Tue., December 21 Full Moon, 3:13 a.m The Full Moon of December is usually known as the Oak Moon. In Algonquian it is called Cold Moon. Other names are Frost Moon, Long Night's Moon and Moon before Yule. In Hindi it is known as Margashirsha Poornima. Its Sinhala (Buddhist) name is Unduvap Poya. The Full Moon rises around sunset and sets around sunrise, the only night in the month when the Moon is in the sky all night long.

From Google Search: Unseen in India Lunar Eclipse

“Mon./Tue., December 20/21 Total Lunar Eclipse The first hint of the shadow of the Earth falling on the Moon occurs at 29 minutes past midnight EST (9:29 p.m. PST). The umbra, the darkest part of the Earth's shadow, begins to encroach on the Moon at 1:32 a.m. EST/10:32 p.m. PST. Maximum eclipse is at 3:17 a.m. EST/12:17 a.m. PST. The umbra leaves the Moon at 5:01 a.m. EST/2:01 a.m. PST, and the eclipse ends at 6:05 a.m. EST/3:05 a.m. PST. In the hours before dawn on December 21st, the Moon undergoes its first total lunar eclipse visible from the UK for 3 years. Sadly, the timing is not optimal as, at mid eclipse at 08:16, the Moon will have virtually set and the sky will be brightening as the sun rises. The Moon begins to enter the penumbral shadow of the Earth at 5:29 when the Moon is just less than 30 degrees above the horizon. Slowly, the left hand side of the moon will darken until at 07:41 it will be within the umbra shadow. During this time it will appear to have a "bite" taken out of its lower left side. But, by then, it will only be a few degrees above the horizon and the, often beautiful, bronze color will be lost in the atmospheric haze. Binoculars will certainly be a useful aid and try to get to an un-light polluted spot with a good low north-western horizon to see it at its best. As implied above, before the Moon is fully within the umbra the Sun's dawn light will begin to diminish our view. “

Our Observations;

Most observed Jupiter is well placed all evening, dominating the southern sky. It is in the constellation Aquarius for the first half of the month moved into Pisces on December 17. It sets around midnight preceded by Mars and Mercury.

The month of Margasira started at 11hPM on Dec 5th, 2010 while the Sun entered the Dhanasu Zodiac sign on16th Dec 2010. Friday 24th Moon is with star Pushyami till afternoon 2h55m, then with Ashlesha till 25th Christmas Day 2010 afternoon 1h36m The Hunter was dominating the sky at Zenith by 22hours and the Moon could be followed in its apparent motion away from it via the Gemini stars the Pollux and Castor.

The Bright enough for the naked eye Saturn, now a morning "star" in Virgo. Its rings have returned to their usual glory after being on edge for the last two years. Venus continues to be a brilliant "morning star" all month. The fascinating star Sirius has coordinates RA, Dec = 06h45m09s, -16d42m58s.

The Christmas Day 2010 Morning gave a pleasant surprise and a bonanza of image capture of the White, Dark Bands multiples of them as well and the gravity waves stratifications. At 2h17m on 25th Dec 2010 I have observed the stratified clouds that have shown the Air Glow spectra in two different locations.

IMAGES:

Fig 1 IMG_1210Moon at the Head of the Hunter Invaka (Mrigasira). This Image shows also the Venus Cloud structure somewhat with a dark reflecting areas. They may be regarded as the cool cloud masses unlike the hot carbon dioxide cloud masses. The relative orientation of these clouds seems to be very intricate.

Fig 2 Moon near stars 20thdec2010at around 19h54m. Moon Moving away from the Head of the Hunter in Orion

Fig 3 IMG_1229kln Jupiter in Pisces with bright stars of Moon lit night. Lambda (λ) Orion, Meissa, is a double star, 3.7 and 6, pale white and violet, in the Hunter's head. Orion's body has many bright stars, but his head is marked with only three dim stars; lambda (Meissa), phi1 (φ1), and phi² (φ2);

Fig 4 IMG_1237kln Moon Sirius Hunter Head visible. Moon with its spectral Air Glows. Green and the Yellow have no marked ring formations of the lunar corona but the Red and Orange diffuse ring is a very fascinating physical phenomenon.

Fig 5 IMG_1260kln Moon far away from Head of Hunter in Orion Snaps. Moon spectrum with some dark bands and its contours of Sea Land masses

Fig 6 IMG_1263kln Moon away from Mrigasira Hunter of Orion. But with several stars around it crossing the Gemini constellation. B-V -0.22 Spectral Type B2III Bellatrix is the 22nd brightest star in the sky. RA 05 55 10.3 Dec +07 24 25 V 0.50 B-V +1.85 Spectral Type M1-2Ia-Iab Betelgeuse is the 12th brightest star in the sky. It is called Alpha Orion even though it is fainter than Beta Orion (Rigel). HD 34085: RA 05 14 32.3 Dec -08 12 06 V 0.12 B-V -0.03 Spectral Type B8Ia: Rigel is the 7th brightest star in the sky. It is called Beta Orion even though it is brighter than Alpha Orion (Betelgeuse). This is because Betelgeuse, a variable star, was misclassified.

Fig 7 IMG_1267kln Hunter Sirius south stars. Moon amidst several stars on 22nd Dec 2010 at 22h42m.

Fig 8 IMG_1276kln Moon in between Gemini and Hunter. Moon moving away from Betelguese approaches for a straight line orientation with Sirius the Dog Star of Hunter. The Christmas Evening on 25th Dec 201o the Sirius Dog Star was very predominant lurking majestically above the Bay of Bengal Sea waters. Slightly above it the full bloom of Hunter is very much visible to the naked eye as well. With Moon not yet raised on the East the Dark patch of the sky gave a good look at this constellation.

Fig 9 IMG_1285kln hunter and distant stars from it. Sirius and the near star of Moon in a straight line orientation Ashlesha with possible six bright stars around Moon as per the Indian Calendar. Pushyami of Cancer constellation of three bright stars

Fig 10 Moon in Blue filters Plastic and Spectrum. Contrast masses of the Moon surface with a blue plastic filter paper. The more intense blue areas are very striking.

Fig 11 IMG_1302kln Christmas Eve Sun Setting in Visakhapatnam 2010. The images show predominant yellow color of the sky Due to excessive use of Sodium Vapor lamps?

Fig 12 Spectrum Intensity profiles Moon and Sun. Striking difference in the Intensity profiles of the Sun and Moon

Fig 13 IMG 1312 1311 1313 1314 Moon and near stars with white band clouds. Prize worthy imager of the Moon in Clouds of dark and bright bands around it along with superimposed gravity wave striations. The near stars are bright enough for the Canon Digital camera record. Theses waves lasted hardly for few hours and the sky next day was again very clear relatively. There was a single gush of chilly wind on the evening of Christmas Dec 25th,2010 at 5h57m Is it an indication of a solitary wave propagation?

Fig 14 IMG_1315kln Moon Single Bright star and White Bands and the Gravity Waves. An amazing and contrasting image of the clouds affected by the Gravity Waves and as well the Diffraction rings of the Moon shine. The Dark ring is believed in India as an indication that it won’t rain for at least a period of fifteen days.

Fig 15 IMG_1325kln Hunter Orion on the Visakhapatnam Beach Christmas Evening. With Sirius it forms a straight line with a near star of the Moon.

Fig 16 IMG_1334kln Sirius with Star near Moon and the other far away. Makha is probably the Regulus of Leo, the lion, is just south of the zenith. This constellation is dominated by the bright star Regulus.

Fig 17 IMG_1340kln Moon with near stars and the diatant two bright stars

Fig 18 IMG_1348kln Moon and two bright stars at a distance.

RESULTS:

The most significant result obtained in this Astronomy study of the Visakhapatnam sky is the image capture of the event of Gravity Waves generated and that lasted hardly few hours in the Morning of Christmas Day 25th Dec 2010 around 2AM to 2h20mAM. The Air Glows that occurred in two different patch locations of the sky at hardly a height of 2 to 8kms is direct phenomenon of the Plasma Ball formations that gave vivid color spectrum of refraction of the Moon shine. The Plasma Balls would have formed due to the intense circulation of the air masses under the affect of the striated Gravity Wave clouds. The finding is of course, an observation of its first kind, at least in Visakhapatnam weather scenario. The last two days i.e. from the evening of 24th December 2010 the Chilly weather has gone and minimum temperature has at least rose by 2 to 3 deg C upward. The 26th December 2010 day was very bright with sunshine and quite warm in the winter season.

ACKNOWELDGMENT:

The author is deeply indebted to late Professor K Rangadhama Rao D.Sc.(Madras) D.Sc.(London) of JVD College of Science & Technology , Andhra University at Waltair for his initiation and sustained interest in me for the research in Modern Physics.

The Astronomy Study of Visakhapatnam Sky Dec 11th to 20th, 2010 and Weather Scenario

trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com

Volume 2010, Issue No.12, Dt: 11th Dec 2010 Time: 7h30mPM


The Astronomy Study of Visakhapatnam Sky and The Weather scenario of 11th to 20th December 2010


by
Professor Dr. Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana

{Retd.Prof.of Physics, SU}
17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram, Official Colony,
Maharanipeta.P.O.Visakhaptnam-530002.


ABSTRACT:

Starting the 11th December 2010 evening till 16th Morning the sky was very cloudy and extensive fog made it a very chilly weather at Visakhapatnam. The sky became exceptionally clear in the evening of 16th December 2010 and the constellation stars and the nebulae of the Orion could be seen with naked eyes. Even the below the belt sword of the Hunter became very much visible with the naked eyes. But on the North the Cassiopeia could not be spotted. Moon according to Indian Calendar is near the Aswani a group of three stars. That is near Beta of Aries. The Low-Pressure depression that formed on Thursday 9th December 2010 has given a slight shower on the Saturday night and again on the Sunday night. The Sunday 12th December night had the severe cold fog. The author had a field day of digital imaging of the Spectra of Venus the bright morning objet of the sky at Visakhapatnam with its near planet the Saturn and the Spica star. The west sky has the spectacle of three planets Jupiter, Mercury and the Pluto on the 20th December 2010 evening.

Summary Report:

13th to 14th December 2010 weather has suddenly changed and the minimum temperatures reached 23deg C. A cloud of dust, smoke, gas so thin that settled slightly above on the surface of earth causing many people to suffer from cold, fever and throat pain. Even the street dogs were not spared by the weather from the diseases. The next fall of temperature occurred during 17th and 18th of Dec 2010 when the minimum temperature became 17degC while in Agency areas of Visakhapatnam it touched 12degC (a fall of 10 deg C). This happened in Britain as well where the temperatures touched zero deg C at Scotland. The visibility due to fog prevented the air traffic in Aberdeen, Birmingham, Luther airports. Fog resulted in fall of snow in London and several places in Europe. The Sunday 19th December 2010 the temperature, in low lying agency areas of Visakhapatnam, fell down by another 3degsC bringing down the minimum temperature to 7degC from 10degC earlier.

At Visakhapatnam, the night time sky which became very clear on 17th has once again became haze filled on the 18th and 19th Dec 2010. The bright stars of Hunter Constellation however were very much visible including the Nebulae of the Orion. Water vapor in the form of mist up in the sky and in the form of less dense fog on the surface of earth was a very interesting phenomenon of these transition days of the weather scenario at Visakhapatnam. Fog in the form of large mass of water vapor condensed on fine particulate matter just above the surface of earth’s surface gave a vivid view of digital imaging in the bright lights of Sodium Lamps provided on the streets of Visakhapatnam. Haze in the form of thin vapor of condensed water on smoke particles, dust and gases dangled in the mid air at Visakhapatnam. It’s diffuse, so thin a formation has not affected the visibility much.

IMAGES:





Fig 1 IMG_1002kln Moon with a single bright star near

Fig 2 IMG_1033kln relative position of Jupiter Moon




Fig 3 IMG_1056kln Moon Jupiter



Fig 4 IMG_1057kln Moon Jupiter





Fig 5 IMG_1065kln moon Jupiter

Fig 6 IMG_1108kln Moon and Jupiter with Orion Hunter



Fig 7 IMG_1109kln Hunter Mrigasira in Orion Constellation





Fig 8 IMG_1120kln Venus on the East and the stars above towards the West




Fig 9 IMG_1133kln Moon Hunters belt




Fig 10 IMG_1134kln Moon Hunter



Fig 11 IMG_1144kln Moon




Fig 12 Venus Spectra of 17th December 2010at 4h55mAM




Fig 13 IMG_1162kln Moon and Hunter



Fig 14 IMG_1176kln Moon in Kritika Pleiades




Fig 15 IMG_1186kln Moon and Sirius with Rohini Aldebaran




Fig 16 IMG_1190kln Venus at 4h53 Moon20thDec2010

Fig 17 of 20th Dec2010 Venus Spectra Profiles Intensity KLN

RESULTS OF THE OBSERVATIONS MADE BY ME:

Weather permitting the Moon proximity to the Stars of the Hunter in Orion Constellation were able to be digitally imaged and the relative position of the Moon in its path has been guazed. The Jupiter provided a nice view of the Moon's apparent motion relative to Earth. The Venus spectra with very diffuse noise spectra of colors has made it possible probably to understand the weather patterns of the Venus via the spectral intensity profiles.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

The author is indebted to late Professor K. Rangadhama Rao D.Sc.(Madras) D.Sc.( London) for his initiation to do research work , analysis and interpretation in Astronomy, Astrophysics and Theoretical Physics. I am greatful to him for having me associated with various of his students and research scientists for undertaking and solving stimulating problems of research in Modern Physics.

ADDENDUM:


The Indian Calendar observed by Alwars the Vedic Philosophers of 6th to 11th Century AD, based on the movement of Sun path in the celestial sphere, celebrated the Dhanur (Sagittarius entry) Month sankranamu, especially on the day of Vaikunta Ekadashi(the eleventh phase of Moon)on the 17th December 2010. The day promotes according to them World protection Thought (Jagadhrakshna chintana). Dec Sun! It is supposed to be continued for a period of several months, till the day of Karthika Dec Sun! eleventh phase of Moon.
Sun in the course of apparent annual motion passes through the vernal equinox the first point of Aries (i.e. Mesh Zodiac sign) on March 21st, while going from south to north of the celestial sphere. The entry of the Sun into autumnal equinox i.e. first point of Libra (Thula Zodiac sign) on September 23rd.