Some Experimental Investigations on Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance and Graviton : KLN

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Volume 2013 Issue No.4, Dt. 16 April 2013 Time: 19h20mP.M.

Some Experimental Investigations on

Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance and Graviton

by

Professor Dr Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana,

{Retd. Prof.of Physics, SU, Kolhapur} 17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram,

Official Colony, Maharanipeta.P.O. Visakhapatnam -530002,

Mobile No. 9491902867 & 9542717723

ABSTRACT

An experimental investigation of Nuclear Quadrupole resonance Spectra has been made in some covalent organic compounds. Resonances are newly detected for the following three compounds (i) α-Chloralose, (ii) 2,3, dichloro-thio-napthene and (iii) 5-Chloro-Salicyclic acid. The experimental value of the resonance frequency for 5-Chloro-Salicycli-sacid is in agreement with that predicted from a plot of frequency Vs Hammet’s σ- value. The Figure of NQR given shows the split resonance in 2, 5 dichloro-nitro benzene observed in the present initial experiments to test the experimental set up.

Fig.A : gives the NQR signal reproduced theoretically in the present work.  The observed spectrum Fig.1 (theoretical estimate See also Fig. A), Fig.3 and Fig.7 reported herein was adjusted to a polynomial fit of 8^th order equation and the parameter values are explicitly given.

The association of Graviton of Spin-2 with the Quadrupole of the nucleus of Spin-2 leads to

2x2 = (0+2+4) + (1+3)

where we know from Clebsch-Gordan coefficients the states with even angular momentum are symmetric and states with odd  are antisymmetric in the two particles (each of Spin-2) so that the coupling envisaged here explicitly obeys <2>= (-1)^(2+ 2ˆ - J) * <2>. It is well known that topology excludes the possibility of any spherically symmetric source of gravitational radiation (usually with J=S=2 refer p.978 of “Gravitation” by Misner, Thorne and Wheeler 1973).

An object of my work is that the Graviton of Spin-2 and Quadrupole of Spin-2 of several nuclei in the observation of the Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance experiments intrinsically involve the coupling of Gravitons with the Nuclear Quadrupole Moments.

Fig. A gives NQR signal reproduced using the 8^th order equation by the author on 16 April 2013.  This Fig. A also gives the original picture of the NQR spectrum of 2, 5 dichloro-nitro benzene.

A theoretical spectrum obtained by explicit analysis by using an 8^th Order polynomial in Fig.1.

x = linspace (-8, 8);    y = sinc(x);    plot(x, y)    

Sin (πx)/ (πx) = (1/ 2π)   ∫ exp (iωx) dω

from (-π to π).  sinc function has a value 1 when x is equal to zero otherwise the value of the function sin (πx)/ (πx).

                        Fig.1 Theoretical reproduction of observed spectrum

The data listed below refers to the theoretical spectrum given in Fig.1.

S.No	X- Value	Y- Value	S.No.	X-Value	Y-Value	S.No.	X-Value	Y-Value
1	30	130	11	165	50	21	290	62
2	30	10	12	170	81	22	345	90
3	65	82	13	185	175	23	350	65
4	68	50	14	191	78	24	368	85
5	98	92	15	200	45	25	368	50
6	100	70	16	221	65
7	109	85	17	225	108
8	109	50	18	240	110
9	151	70	19	245	70
10	151	89	20	290	103

The present author has succeeded in adjusting the observed spectrum to an eight order polynomial expression and the corresponding parameter values are obtained listed below and reported herewith.

 [4/17/2013 09:42 "/Graph2" (2456399)]

Polynomial Regression:

Y = A + B1*X + B2*X^2 + B3*X^3 + B4*X^4 + B5*X^5

    + B6*X^6 + B7*X^7 + B8*X^8

Parameter        Value       Error

------------------------------------------------------------

A          506.05621    1280.11624

B1         -33.34514     96.31995

B2         0.95136                   2.70618

B3         -0.0137           30.03852

B4         1.12004E-4   3.1095E-4

B5         -5.37281E-7  1.4815E-6

B6         1.49842E-9   4.12007E-9

B7         -2.24496E-12        6.17553E-12

B8         1.39548E-15 3.85028E-15

------------------------------------------------------------

R-Square (COD)        SD    N      P

------------------------------------------------------------

0.06807 38.06165      25    0.9952

            

             Pages 163 to page 196 refer to the data of the Ph. D Thesis of the present author in 1964 degree awarded in 1965 while the author was at University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.

             Pages 109 to 111 refer to the reported publication (made on request) in the Journal of Shivaji University, Kolhapur (first journal publication of that University in 1966) [1]. 

Graviton and Quadrupole Union

        It is envisaged in this paper that the Nuclear Quadrupole associated with the Nuclei in the Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance experiments, so nicely initiated by Late Prof K R Rao D.Sc. (Madras)  D.Sc.(London) at his research laboratories in Andhra University, interact with the Gravitons resulting in a spectrum of very enlarged spectral levels. The present work identifies the “the association of Graviton of Spin-2 with the Quadrupole of the nucleus of Spin-2 leads to

2 x 2 = (0 + 2 + 4) + (1 + 3)

where we know from Clebsch-Gordan coefficients the states with even angular momentum are symmetric and states with odd antisymmetric in the two particles (of each of Spin-2) so that the coupling envisaged here explicitly obeys <2>= (-1)^(2+ 2ˆ - J) * <2>. It is well known that topology excludes the possibility of any spherically symmetric source of gravitational radiation (usually with J=S=2 refer p.978 of “Gravitation” by Misner, Thorne and Wheeler 1973 [2]).

An object of my work is that the Graviton of Spin-2 and Quadrupole of Spin-2 of several nuclei in the observation of the Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance experiments intrinsically involves the coupling of Gravitons with the Nuclear Quadrupole Moments.

This yields a variety of spectra involving the angular momentum values ranging from +4 to -4. The intermediate values of differing symmetries can easily be envisaged by the group theoretical methods. The simple concept of just two values of +4 and -4 for the joint Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance experiments and the Graviton happens to be the simplest conjecture of positive and negative orientations along an angular momentum vector.  This is similar to projections of Spin +2 and -2 of a Graviton along a preferred axis. The other values like +3, +2, +1, 0, -1, -2, -3 are just the projections dictated by the interactions of the Graviton with the Nuclear Quadrupole resonance experiments. The analysis differs considerably from the thoughts of K. T. Hecht (1964) [3] in his papers on Collective Models. Not only the experimental observations made to-date on the Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance and as well on the Gravitons need to be totally analyzed explicitly in my model for detailed work outs and presentations.

Excellent research work on NQR experiments was initiated by Late Prof. K. R. Rao D.Sc. (Madras) D.Sc. (London) when several students obtained their Ph. D degrees. A small note was published by Late Prof K. R. Rao on NQR in the C. S. I. R. meet to award the research grants at New Delhi. The present author was lucky to join the C. S. I.R scheme in 1961 at Physics Department, Andhra University, Waltair awarded by the said organization.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

            The author is greatly indebted to Late Prof K. R. Rao, D.Sc. (Madras) D.Sc. (London) for his continuous zeal in promoting the outstanding research work at AU, Waltair covering the entire Electromagnetism Spectrum from Cosmic Rays to the Radio waves during the years of his unselfish and devoted research in several branches and exceptional devotion in care-taking the youngsters to achieve glory and comfortable positions at several institutions in India and abroad.

REFERENCES

[1]. K. L. Narayana and V. Nagarajan, On Nuclear Quadrupole resonances of

       certain covalent compounds”,  Journal of Shivaji University, (Nos.1 & 2),

        Vol.1, Page 109-113, Kolhapur, 1967

[2]. C. W. Misner, K. S. Thorne and  J. A. Wheeler, book on  “Gravitation”,

       W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, 1973.

[3]. K. T. Hecht, Collective Models  in “Selected Topics in Nuclear Spectroscopy”,

      compiled by B. J. Verhaar , North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam,1964

   

List of Publications on Gravitation by the author KLN

    while at Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, India.

3. K. L. Narayana, et al, “On the violation of an inherent symmetry principle of

   Spin 2 particles”, Nuovo Cimento Serie, 11, Vol.33A, page 641-648, 21 Giugno, 1976.

8. K. L. Narayana, “ The Uranium Quadrupole Moment based on a dual  

    core fissionable model”, Current Science Vol.38, p.261, 1969.

9.  K. L. Narayana & S. B. Patil, ”a Physical model for two-particle baryon

      resonance systems and a postulation of medium and low interactions”,

      Indian Journal of Physics Vol.50, pages 993-1002, 1976,  and

      Ind. Sci. Cong. Waltair, 1976.

*10. K. L. Narayana, “On the unification of Gravitation and the Quantum Theory”,

      Shivaji University, 1979 and

      Invited talk presented at GRG 8^th National Symposium at Bhavanagar, 1978.

*17. K. L. Narayana,”A new field quantization approach to Gravitation and

      Bosonic gravitons of Spin 5/2”, Indian Science Congress, Hyderabad,

      Physics Section,(Late Paper), 1979.

*18. K. L. Narayana,”Spin 5/2 Graviton-like particles and their relativistic motion in

      a central force field”, 66^th Sess.of Ind. Sci. Cong. Physics Section Paper No.    1978.

*19. K. L. Narayana,”Physical orthonormalization criteria for gravitation

      spinor wave functions, chirality projections and hyper-number √1”,

       66^th Sess. of Ind. Sci. Cong. Hyderabad, Mathematics Section Paper No.    1978.

*20. K. L. Narayana, ”Non-compact Group (3,2) spectrum for Graviton of

      Spin 5/2 under Bose-Einstein Statistics and symmetry aspects”, Albert Einstein

     Centenary Symposium, Bose Institute of Physical Sciences, Calcutta, Dec.31^st, 1979.

*21. K. L. Narayana, “Perangon Symmetry transformations, space-time structure of

      a biological cell, Exchange Theory of Cellular adhesion and 

      Bio-Quantum Machine”, Albert Einstein  Centenary Symposium,

      Bose Institute of Physical Sciences, Calcutta, Dec.31^st, March 1-4, 1979.

*23 K. L. Narayana and C. Santhamma, “On Nuclear Quadrupole Coupling Constants

     of  Chlorine Isotopes and Dipole Moment of Br⁷⁹Cl³⁵ molecules”,   

     Indian Journal of Physics, Vol.37, No.5, May 1963.

24. K. L. Narayana, “On Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance in TiCl₂ and CrCl₂   

      Crystals”,   Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol.43, No.6, p.2916, 1965.

25. K. L. Narayana and V. Nagarajan,”On Nuclear Quadrupole Resonances of

      certain covalent compounds”, Shivaji University Journal, Vol., No.1 and 2,

      pages 109-113,  1967.

49. K. L. Narayana and B. P. Sabale,”On Molecular Quadrupole moments of N₂ and  O₂”, 

      Shivaji University Journal, Vol.6, p.32, 1973.    

[A gap of seven years from 1973 to 1980 when K. L. Narayana involved in the

               production of Ph. D thesis of his students at Shivaji University, Kolhapur.

               A break of the authors research on Gravity, and Gravitation etc.

              But he taught the Gravity aspects as a part of his teachings for

              M.Sc. Physics students at that university. Resumed later in 1980.]

76. Dr. K. L. Narayana,”On other Gravity Possibilities of Gravitation”, Vol.1, p.641,

      Einstein Centenary Symposium, Nagpur University, Nagpur, Duhita Publishers,

      Einstein Foundation, Nagpur, Eds. K. Kondo and T. M. Karade.

      held on Feb.20^th, 1980.

78. K. L. Narayana,”Charmed spin 5/2 graviton within a super-gravity formulation”,

      67^th Ind. Sci. Cong. Sess, Physics Section, Jadhvapur University, Calcutta,

      Paper No.5, February 2^nd, 1980.

*79. K. L. Narayana,”Behrrung Gauge approach and an Unified Model of Gravitation,

      Electromagnetism and Strong interactions”, 67^th Ind. Sci. Cong. Session,

      Mathematics Section, Jadhavapur University, Calcutta, February 6^th

      Paper No.  1980.

88. K. L. Narayana, “Space Science analysis of the 19^th November 1977 Indian

      Penninsular Double Cyclone and their gravitational interaction and a model of

      a helical cyclonic metric structure”, Physics Section, Paper No.89, the 68^th Ind. Sci.

      Cong. Session, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 3-8^th January 1981.

89. K. L. Narayana,” Graviton and Anti-Graviton annihilation and creation of

      Fermi-Quark and f-meson pair multiplets”, Mathematics Section, Paper No.114,

      68^th Ind. Sci. Cong. Session, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 3-8^th January,

      1981.

94. K. L. Narayana,”On the violation of the metric reversal invariance symmetry

      and Existance of a new n-Meson”, Symposium on Theoret5ical Studies: Theoretical

      Physics Group, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, 12^th July 1981.

100. K. L. Narayana,”On certain New Conserved Quantities governing the behavior of

      Magneto-fluids in General Relativity”, Paper No.12 : MATSCIENCE: Institute of

      Mathematical Sciences, Madras, “Conference on Special and General Relativity and

      Applications”, 15^th to 21^st February 1982.

103. K. L. Narayana,”On Spin-Gravity in a new Renormalization Theory of Electro-

        Weak interactions and Gravy-Changing (neutral) Currents existence”, 7^th Jan,

         Paper No.147, the 69^th Sess. of Ind. Sci. Cong. Mathematics Section,

         Manasagangotri, (Indian Express 7-1-1982), 1982.

104. K. L. Narayana,”Spinorial Optical Collineations in the General Theory of

        Relativity and on Nilch Tensor and Nilch Scalars”, Paper No.54, the 69^th Sess. of

        Ind. Sci. Cong. Mathematics Section,  Manasagangotri,  1982.

105. K. L. Narayana,”An axiomatic Theory of Bio-Cosmos with Bioid Brackets,

        Propogation and Invariant Causal structures”, S. N. Bose Institute of Physical

        Sciences, International Symposium on Lie-Theoretic Foundations of Mechanics

        20^th January, 1982, Calcutta.

109. K. L. Narayana,”Magnetic Monopoles, Isorotation and Stream lines of Geodesic

        Flow of RMHD in Magnetic Plasma Stars”, 70^th Proc. of Ind. Sci. Cong.

        Mathematics Section, (Late Paper), Shri  Venkateswara University, 5^th January,

        1983.

110. K. L. Narayana,”On certain new conserved quantities Governing the behavior of

        Magneto-fluids in General Relativity”, Paper No. 12: MATSCIENCE, Conf. on

        General Relativity and Special Relativity and its Ramifications, 21^st December

        Mysore, CFTRI, 1982.

111. K. L. Narayana,”On complex angular momenta of Magnetic Plasma Stars and

        Gravitational Dyons”, 1^st December, Paper No.14,: MATSCIENCE, Conf. on

        General Relativity and Special Relativity and its Ramifications, 21^st December

        Mysore, CFTRI, 1982.

*112. K. L. Narayana,”Stability of Radial Modes and Magnetic Monopoles (Gauge

         Quantal ) solutions of Relativistic Plasma Stars”, Gorakhpur, 3-8^th November,    

         Paper No.      Proc. of Indian Astronomical Society, 1982.

*113. K. L. Narayana,”Fibre Bundles and a Helical Geometric Differential form

         solutions of MHD equations and a Budbudeck Model of Magnetic Monopoles

         with Ghosts”, Paper No.       ,17^th October Symp. on Non-Linear Analysis and

         MHD equations, Nanded Science College, Nanded-431602, and

        (S. N. Bose Institute, December 1982),   1982.

114. K. L. Narayana,”On Super-Gravity Theories and Meta Physical Models of Hindu

        Vaisheshika Philosophy”, AHPS, 5^th January, 70^th Session of Proc. of Ind. Sci.

        Cong.,  Sri Venkatewswara University, Tirupati, 1983.

115. K. L. Narayana,”Magnetic Monopoles their constituents, GUT and Cosmological

        Types of Magnetic Monopoles”, 11^th December, Symp/ on Theoretical Studies,

        Shivaji Univewrsity, Kolhapur-416004, 1982.

*117. K. L. Narayana,”On Gravitational Invariant Particle Wave Equations in a

        Generalized Lyra space, GR-10, Conf. Institute di Fisica, “G.Galilei”,Padova, Italy.

*118. K. L. Narayana, “Gravitational Gauge potentials with twenty-spin-coefficients

          and an extended electro-weak theory”, GR-10, Conf. Institute di Fisica

          “G.Galilei”, Padov, Italy.
*119. K. L. Narayana, “Quadrupolar Binding of Gravitational free Quarks”,

        GR-10, Conf. Institute di Fisica “G.Galilei” Padov, Italy.

126. K. L.Narayana,” on Spinorial and Materialistic optical Cosmod tensor Invariants

        and Cosmod Gravity”, 73rd Sess. Ind. Sci. Cong. Delhi January 6th, Physics

        Section, 1986 and 72nd sess. Of Ind. Sci.Cong. Lucknow, Mathematics section,

        January 6th, 1985.

*137. K. L. Narayana,”Physical process of Gravitons and Gravy Quark in the interior

          of  Supergravity Cosmic Stellar structures”, 72^nd Session of Ind. Sci. Cong.

         January 5^th, 1985 and

         Arthur Eddington Centenary Symposium, Vol.3, Nagpur, 23^rd February 1984.

*138. K. L. Narayana, “Gravitational Instability generated by stochastic process and

        New Plasma Waves.” Mathematics section, 73rd Ind. Sci. Cong.

        Delhi University, January 5-7^th, 1986.

*139. K. L. Narayana, “Relativistic Plasma Instabilities in terms of Nilch and

        Electromagnetic potential Twistor fields”,73rd Ind. Sci. Cong.

        Delhi University, Jan 5-7th, 1986.

*140. K. L. Narayana, “Dominance of B¹⁰ or C¹² nuclear production during

          Gravitational Collapse in the Stellar Interior?”, Proceedings of Sir

          Arthur Eddington Centenary  Symposium, Vol.3, Nagpur, 23^rd February 1984.

143. K. L. Narayana,”Gravitatiobal Instability generated by Stochastic process and

        New Plasma Waves”, Mathematics Section, 73^rd Ind. Sci. Cong. Delhi University,

        1986.

147. K. L. Narayana, “Physical Process of Gravitons and Gravy Quarks in the Interior

        of Supergravity Cosmic stellar structures”, 72nd Sess. Of Ind. Sci. Cong. Lucknow,

        January 5th, 1985

        and  Proc.of Sir Arthur Eddington Centenary Symposium, Vol.3

        Nagpur, 23 February, 1984.

148. K. L. Narayana, “A possible Cosmological High Energy Universe”, High Energy

        Physics and Astrophysics Int. Conf: University of Kashmir, Srinagar,

        Dated 9th September 1987.

149. K. L. Narayana,74th Sess. Ind. Sci. Cong. Bangalore Mathematics section,

         (presented) 1987:
         (a). “Mathematical Formulation of Stochastic Quark lattice degeneracy and

                  Sum rule selections”, Paper No.65 (Sect.VII)
          (b). “The Origin of New Primaries from “Cygnus X-3” and “Centaur”

                 Astrophysical objects and the Gravy Quark star” Paper No.123,

                  (Sect.III), Page 68.
          (c). “Novel techniques of Potential distributed spinorial (Rangadhama)

                 Optical quanta ratio thermometry”, Paper No.45, (Sect.III), Page.26.

150. K. L. Narayana,”Gravy Quarks supergravity formulation and Cosmic string

         generation of Particles”, Global Conf. on Mathematical Physics (Cent.

         Celebrations of Niels Bohr and H. Weyl) Einstein Foundation International

         Oct 25, University of Nagpur, (Page.62), 1987.

161. K. L. Narayana,”SPINORIAL-OPTICAL EFFECTS ON THE VIBRATIONS OF

        A COLD INCOMPRESSIBLE DIPOLE GAS”,Mathematics Section, 75^th Session

        of Ind. Sci. Cong. Pune, January, 1988.

*179. Kotcherlakota. L. N. “Waves and Plasma in the Environment of Comets”,

          6th Asia Pacific Physics Conference Aug. Kulalampur, Malaysia.

*181.Kotcherlakota. L. N,”A New Model of Upper Atmosphere for the

       Indian Southern Peninsular Region and a dynamical Peram Factor Mechanism”,

       Paper No.AS01, 36th Congress ISTAM held at Bombay, I.I.T, December 19-22^nd,

       1991

       Also Paper No.72, Proc. 79^th Ind. Sci. Cong., Part-III, Physics section)

       K. L. Narayana, Silver Jubl. Symp. “On Variational Methods in Continuum

               Mechanics”, Regional Engg. College, Warangal, Mathematics Department,

                September 2nd, 1984.

Notes:

Thursday, October 31, 2013

trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com

Volume 2013, Issue No.10, October 1, 2013, Time: 8h26m A.M.

Rainy Month of October 2013 and Occurrence of Earth

Tremor in Visakhapatnam District on October 8^th , 2013

By Professor Dr. Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana

{Retd. Prof. of Physics, SU, Kolhapur}, 17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram, Official

Colony, Maharanipeta.P.O, Visakhapatnam-530002 cell no: 9491902867.

NOBEL AWARD 2013

The Britain Peter Higgs and Belgium Francois Englert Physicists  have been recognized for  the  Nobel  Prize  this  year  to  the  tune  of  Rs.  7.73crores  (about  8  Million  Swedish  Kroners) award  to  be  given  on  10  December  in  Stockholm  by  the  Swedish  Crown.  Due  to  the  Higgs Bosons  only,  all  particles  are  able  to  acquire  their  mass,  is  what  is  understood  from  this discovery,  assisted  by  another  six  scientists  in  1964  as  well  who  were  the  coworkers  with Higgs.  Invisible field  of  the  Universe possess  these  Higgs bosons.  A thorough  look into  Physics of Elementary Particles envisages that the new particles of different masses attributed to Higgs field, which is an invisible field of energy pervading the Universe.

In the Paper No.21 on 6^th January 2007 Page 14 Abstracts

MATHEMATICAL SCINCES 94^TH Session of Indian Science Congress 2007

Annamalai University:  Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana,

“The possible symmetry-super-symmetry interaction Currents and the properties of strange matter of STELLAR STRUCTURES”

He has stated explicitly that 

“Note: Hence it is not just that Higgs Boson is 

responsible for the “Mass – Scalar” that makes the 

elementary particles to acquire mass. Nature is more 

subtle in its symmetry-super-symmetry interaction of the 

NEW MATTER.”