Sunday, November 1, 2015

October 16th to 31st, 2015

Volume 2015, Issue No.10a, Dated: 16th October 2015, Time: 11:25 A.M.
October 16th to 31st, 2015 

Professor Dr. Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana,
(Retd. Prof. of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur - 416004)
17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram, Official Colony,
Maharanipeta.P.O., Visakhapatnam 530002, AP. 
Mobile: 9491902867.

ABSTRACT

                             In the area north of Castaic from the Golden State Freeway to Lancaster and points east, about 2 1/2 inches of rain fell in the affected area, portions of which were covered with golf ball-sized hail. Rainfall records for Oct. 15 were set in Palmdale (0.94 of an inch) and Sandberg (0.65 of an inch), breaking the previous records of 0.04 of an inch and 0.15 of an inch. Udayagiri Rural/Varikunta Padu on October 17, 2015 around 8h35mPM in the night the Earth trembled for a few seconds. Saturday Oct. 17, morning in the cities Amalapuram, Ambajipeta 6cm, and Bhimavaram 3cm rainfall was recorded.




             Typhoon Koppu, known as "Lando" in the Philippines, reached Casiguran in Luzon's Aurora province at 1 a.m. local time Sunday 18th, morning (1 p.m. Saturday ET).


                      Swedish Minister Mehmet Kaplan on Saturday 17, Oct 2015, that Sweden and India have always had good relations visible through the number of exchanges on political level as well as student exchanges and company collaborations.
                       On Tuesday 20 Oct 2015, Rushikonda Beach it moved forward with menacing waves threatened the  local stall traders. Many electric poles fell down. The waves are leaping over them and advancing. On 21st to 24th Oct it was a sweltering weather in Visakhapatnam and the blazing RED SUN rise was noticed that lasted till the evening SUN set. Kiwi, fruit of Arunachala Pradesh,  is anti-oxidant, is rich in vitamin C and has a lot of minerals. Kiwi is a perennial fruit and grows throughout the year. Apart from various types of kiwis that grow in the wild, the state grows four main varieties - Monty, Hayward, Bruno and Allison..  Wednesday, Patricia was a tropical storm off Mexico with 65 mph winds that forecasters expected to intensify rapidly. In fact, one forecast gave it a 97 percent chance of getting stronger fast. But it strengthened so quickly that many were surprised. By 4 a.m. EDT Friday Patricia's winds were a record for hurricanes: 200 mph. A derailed freight train Saturday, Oct. 24, 2015, near Corsicana, Texas, about 50 miles south of Dallas. The train derailed because a creek overflowed and washed away the tracks. 
                             Patricia and a separate storm system dumped roughly nine inches of rain around downtown Houston, The higher reaches of Kashmir valley continued to receive snowfall  on 23rd Oct,  for second day while Himachal Pradesh’s popular tourist destinations Shimla and Manali were lashed by rains on Monday, pushing down the temperature by several notches. The temblor struck at around 2:10 p.m. (5:10 a.m. ET) and occurred in remote area of the Hindu Kush region of Afghanistan around 28 miles south-southwest of Jarm. The agency later revised its magnitude from a preliminary 7.7 to 7.5.  Witnesses reported a series of aftershocks.  Earthquake of magnitude 7.7R (The Hindu, revised later as 7.5R) shook North India on Monday, Oct 25th, around 2h30m PM. CRAB SPECIES NEW FOUND IN KERALA. THE NEARBY PLANETS SHOW DURING 26th TO 29th Oct. LIGHT HAS ANOTHER SPEED:
                                   Researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson of SEAS have done just that, designing the first on-chip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero, meaning that the phase of light can travel infinitely fast. All of the 35 classical Cepheids discovered are less than 100 million years old. The youngest Cepheid may even be only around 25 million years old, although we cannot exclude the possible presence of even younger and brighter Cepheids. The VVV survey is observing the central parts of our galaxy in five near-infrared bands. US TOILETS TO TAP WATER TO BEAT DROUGHT. 28th Oct  Acrid haze blanketing parts of Indonesia has claimed a number of lives, the government says. Slash-and-burn practices across the archipelago have created a haze that has blanketed much of Southeast Asia in recent months. The 30th and 31st Oct 2015 it rained heavily in Visakhapatnam and was a great relief to the  people from the sweltering heat.
key words: US drought toilets water, Youngest Cepheid, RI zero, Acid haze, Earthquake of 7.5R, New Crab Species, Light has another speed, snow fall in Kashmir 23rd Oct, Kiwi fruit Arunachala Pradesh, Udayagiri/Varikuntapadu trembled Oct 17 night around 8PM. 




INTRODUCTION

                             Showers and thunderstorms produced heavy rain and hail in the area north of Castaic from the Golden State Freeway to Lancaster and points east. About 2 1/2 inches of rain fell in the affected area, portions of which were covered with golf ball-sized hail. Rainfall records for Oct. 15 were set in Palmdale (0.94 of an inch) and Sandberg (0.65 of an inch), breaking the previous records of 0.04 of an inch and 0.15 of an inch, both set in 1935, according to the National Weather Service.


16th and 17th October 2015
                    The two days are very hot in spite the sky is partly cloudy, and the sweltering heat felt by people, youngsters were able to withstand the changing weather pattern but the older generation is feeling the pinch of it. Through out India it was almost the same weather.


EARTH TREMORS IN NELLORE ZILLAH

               Udayagiri Rural/Varikunta Padu on October 17, 2015 around 8h35mPM in the night the Earth trembled for a few seconds.  After that within a few seconds of time again twice the Earth tremors have occurred. Kondapuram, Kaligiri, Vnjamur, Duttaluru, Varikuntapadu, and Udayagiri Mandals have experienced these tremors. The tremors intensity was more in Udayagiri, Tirumalapuram, ST colony, Bhandakindhapalli, Duttalur, Lakshmipuram, Erraballi panchayathi, Ramapuram, Kakolluvaripalli, Hussainagar, and other villages.    

RAINFALL



               Till Saturday Oct. 17, morning in the cities Amalapuram, Ambajipeta 6cm, and Bhimavaram 3cm rainfall was recorded. Guntur registered 37C while Nizamabad and Ongole recorded 36C temperatures.


. Pub Saturday Oct. 17th, 2015 at 20.13

 Dodging Earth Systems large Solar Flares:

                    The Colaba Observatory in India found the most powerful Solar Storm ever recorded in 1859. The solar storm allowed observation of auroras at latitudes as low as Madrid and even in Caribbean Sea. The storm knocked off all telegraph system facilities all over Europe and North America. Another large solar storm took place in between October (29 Oct 2003) and November 2003 known as Halloween Storm that affected Sweden and South Africa where several transformers were burnt.



Oct 17                             
                Swedish Minister Mehmet Kaplan on Saturday 17, Oct 2015, that Sweden and India have always had good relations visible through the number of exchanges on political level as well as student exchanges and company collaborations. For Sweden, which is striving to be an open innovation driven economy, India is a natural partner and Maharashtra in particular.


Monday 18 Oct.


        Scattered rain falls occurred in AP coastal districts. Komarada, Tadepalligudem, Bapatla one cm rainfall recorded. Telangana has only a dry weather with no rain. On Sunday and Monday Visakhapatnam had hot weather with scattered clouds movement.   





Miami (AFP)   Sunday 18 Oct 2015

                      Hurricane Olaf has formed far offshore in the eastern Pacific. The storm is currently located some 1,725 miles (2,780 kilometers) west-southwest of the southern tip of Mexico's Baja California peninsula packing maximum sustained winds of 75 miles per hour, the National Hurricane Center said. Olaf has the potential to become a major hurricane on Monday, 19th Oct 2015, but no coastal watches or warnings are currently in effect, according to the Miami-based NHC




SUNDAY 18 Oct., 2015Oct 17 2015, 10:32 pm ET  


  








Super Typhoon Koppu Makes Landfall in the Philippines
   
             Typhoon Koppu, known as "Lando" in the Philippines, reached Casiguran in Luzon's Aurora province at 1 a.m. local time Sunday morning (1 p.m. Saturday ET). There were reports of power outages and even before the storm hit, its outer bands drenched the country's east coast with heavy rains. Powerful typhoon Koppu ploughed into the north eastern Philippines before dawn on Sunday destroying homes and displacing 10,000 people and whipping up coastal surges four metres (12 feet) high. On an average of 20 typhoons hit the Philippines every year. The category four typhoon, with central destructive winds of 175 kph (109 mph), made landfall around 1 a.m. (1700 GMT). Once a mega-storm, Patricia inflicts little damage on Mexican coast, weakens and moves inland. The weather in Visakhapatnam very cloudy with a mild Sun on Sunday 18th Oct.  





SUNDAY 18 Oct., 2015Oct 17 2015, 10:32 pm ET.
     
















Super Typhoon Koppu Makes Landfall in the Philippines

             Typhoon Koppu, known as "Lando" in the Philippines, reached Casiguran in Luzon's Aurora province at 1 a.m. local time Sunday morning (1 p.m. Saturday ET). There were reports of power outages and even before the storm hit, its outer bands drenched the country's east coast with heavy rains. Powerful typhoon Koppu ploughed into the north eastern Philippines before dawn on Sunday destroying homes and displacing 10,000 people and whipping up coastal surges four metres (12 feet) high. On an average of 20 typhoons hit the Philippines every year. The category four typhoon, with central destructive winds of 175 kph (109 mph), made landfall around 1 a.m. (1700 GMT).

Monday 18 Oct.

        Scattered rain falls occurred in AP coastal districts. Komarada, Tadepalligudem, Bapatla one cm rainfall recorded. Telangana has only a dry weather with no rain. On Sunday and Monday Visakhapatnam had hot weather with scattered clouds movement.

 TIBET THIRD POLE OF EARTH
                   World's largest and highest plateau, viz., the Tibet region is store house of fresh water in the form of glaciers, which are accelerated by melting of tens of thousand glaciers, that feed seven major Rivers flowing in India, Bangladesh,  China and Southeast Asia. This region is warming up twice of the global average.  It is often called the Third Pole of the Earth.


RUSHIKONDA BEACH AGAIN IN FREIGHTNING FORM 
                                          On Tuesday 20 Oct 2015, Rushikonda Beach it moved forward with menacing waves threatened the  local stall traders. Many electric poles fell down. The waves are leaping over them and advancing. People never thought that this beach would have a  plight of this rashness. The ocean here is in an aggressive form.

HUGE SOLAR STORMS
           

VISAKHAPATNAM
             City continues to be hot though on 23rd by 4PM it became cool in the afternoon around 4 P.M.,  and the Sun rise last few days has been a RED sun display, that made me to start my morning one hour walk by a few minutes early i.e. by 5.50AM. 24th it was moderately hot but with passing clouds.

RED CLOUDS IN VISAKHAPATNAM ON 21st Oct 2015
 at 6h39nAM
                           

                          
                              RED CLOUDS IN VISAKHAPATNAM ON 21st Oct 2015
                                                                   at 6h39nAM


                                             THE RED CARPET IN MURALINAGAR AREA
                                              VISAKHAPATNAM ON 24th Oct 2015



                                   SPREADING THE COLD CARPET IN KASHMIR 
                                                 ON SUNDAY 25th Oct 2015

WINE ARUNACHALA PRADESH: 23 Oct 2015

   Apart from various types of kiwis that grow in the wild, the state grows four main varieties - Monty, Hayward, Bruno and Allison. The fruit is mostly grown in the state's West Kameng and Lower Subansiri districts. With 1,500 metres above sea level being the ideal altitude to grow the kiwi, a hectare of land can produce six to nine tonnes of the fruit annually. "Around 5,000 metric tonnes of the fruit are grown in around 4,000 hectares of land. Since much of this is new land, it will take at least five years for production to reach its full potential".  Kiwi is anti-oxidant, is rich in vitamin C and has a lot of minerals. "Kiwi is a perennial fruit and grows throughout the year. Harvesting is done around October-November."
            

Friday 23 Oct 2015

                                  Hurricane Patricia became the strongest storm ever measured on the planet early Friday, with experts warning it could trigger 40-foot waves along Mexico's coast and "life-threatening" flash flooding. More than 7 million residents were told to prepare for the "worst-case scenario" as Patricia was expected to race ashore on Mexico's Pacific coast late Friday afternoon or early evening. The tourist magnets of Puerto Vallarta and Manzanillo were directly in the Category 5 storm's projected path. Packing 200 mph winds, the U.S. National Hurricane Center described Patricia as the "strongest hurricane on record" in the Atlantic and eastern North Pacific Basins.
24 Oct 2015

                        The category five hurricane is expected to make landfall in the next few hours, with winds of 305km/h (190mph).Mexican authorities have begun evacuating residents ahead of the arrival of Hurricane Patricia. Patricia will make landfall in the western state of Jalisco, home to the resort town of Puerto Vallarta, which could lie directly in its path. Mexicans are awaiting the arrival of Hurricane Patricia, a category five storm and the strongest ever recorded in the Americas. At 10 p.m. EDT Wednesday, 21st Oct,  Patricia was a tropical storm off Mexico with 65 mph winds that forecasters expected to intensify rapidly. In fact, one forecast gave it a 97 percent chance of getting stronger fast. But it strengthened so quickly that many were surprised. By 4 a.m. EDT Friday Patricia's winds were a record for hurricanes: 200 mph. Patricia is being fuelled by near-record warm 87-degree Pacific waters at the surface that ran warm unusually deep.

                                                 


DALLAS TRAIN DERALED Oct 24th, 2015.
                              A derailed freight train Saturday, Oct. 24, 2015, near Corsicana, Texas, about 50 miles south of Dallas. The train derailed because a creek overflowed and washed away the tracks. Patricia and a separate storm system dumped roughly nine inches of rain around downtown Houston, but forecasters expected the last band of showers to begin leaving Sunday afternoon. Near Austin, the soaking helped firefighters contain the last of a long-simmering wildfire that had burned 7 square miles and destroyed nearly 70 homes.
KASHMIR REELING IN SNOWFALL





Since Friday 23rd Oct 2015      
                                      The higher reaches of Kashmir valley continued to receive snowfall for second day while Himachal Pradesh’s popular tourist destinations Shimla and Manali were lashed by rains on Monday, pushing down the temperature by several notches. The national highway that connects Manali to Leh was temporarily shut down due to snowfall. Work to reopen the entire 475-km stretch was on and may get completed in two to three days. The Jammu-Srinagar national highway 1-A was also closed following landslides in Jammu’s Ramban district. Many places in Kashmir, including the famous ski-resort of Gulmarg in north, continued to receive snowfall for the second day. More than two inches of snow had accumulated in Gulmarg resort till 5.30 pm on Monday. Snowfall on Sadna Top and Rajdhani Top in the north and Sintham Pass in the south has also snapped road links to Karnah and Gurez border towns and the Kishtwar town. Snowfall on Zojilla Pass blocked the Srinagar-Leh National Highway two days ago. The highway connects the Kashmir Valley with the cold desert Ladakh region of the state. Snowfall in Pir Ki Gali area of the ancient Mughal Road also suspended the surface link between the valley and Rajouri district in Jammu on Friday.
     


 CRAB SPECIES NEW FOUND IN KERALA

                                              New found crabs in Kerala State 
 THE NEARBY PLANETS SHOW DURING 26th TO 29th Oct.
                                           dyer_strip 27 th Oct 2015 nearby palnets




26th Oct 2015 The twin planets at 5h24mAM 
                             
                                      
                                             27 Oct 2015 looking east before Sun rise.

                                    26 Oct 2015 at 5h37nAM the Sun rise with Planets visibility
                                                       26 Oct 2015 at 6h26m AM Sun rise
EARTHQUAKE IN PAKISTAN
On 26th Oct 2015 at 2h30m PM.


                                            


                        The temblor struck at around 2:10 p.m. (5:10 a.m. ET) and occurred in remote area of the Hindu Kush region of Afghanistan around 28 miles south-southwest of Jarm. The agency later revised its magnitude from a preliminary 7.7 to 7.5.  Witnesses reported a series of aftershocks. Death toll might reach 300.                           
                             A massive Earthquake of magnitude 7.7R (The Hindu, revised later as 7.5R) shook North India on Monday, Oct 25th, around 2h30m PM. It shook north India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Kashmir Chief minister ran for cover amidst an ongoing state function. Quake stayed there for more than 2 minutes! Many structures damaged in the Chenab Valley’s Rajouri district. It was very massive in Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab. Strong tremors reported in Pakistan. Quake felt with mild tremors in Jaipur, Jodhpur and Sikar. Created panic in Ambala, Kurukshetra, Karnal, Panipat, Sonepat, Gurgaon, Rohtak, Faridbad, Panchkula, Fetahabad, Sirsa, and Bhiwani.  The epicentre was Hindu Kush region of Afghanistan and it occurred 213 km deep in the earth centred at 82 km southeast of Feyzabad and 254 km northwest of Kabul in Badakhshan province. Delhi metro rail services halted for 15 minutes after Earthquake. At least 12 girls were killed in a stampede to flee their school building in Takhar (falling down under the fellow running students), just west of Badakhshan province, with 1450 houses destroyed, where the quake epicentre was located.  The earthquake was exactly six months after the Nepal earthquake of 25 April.  
               Soft sediments across the Indo-Gangetic plains, felt the energy released in the Earthquake equivalent to about 50 Hiroshima atomic bombs. The felt area was quite large area of the Earthquake shake, due to efficient transmission of the earthquake waves that passed through the soils with the said soft sediments. They the waves got trapped and eventually amplified. So ground shaking intensity of order of four and five on MM intensity scale were reported traversing from the north-western part of India. Essentially the sediments have amplified the intensity of impact.  .    
                      A major earthquake has hit Afghanistan, northern Pakistan and parts of India,  early reports suggesting it has caused extensive damage in mountainous areas.  Power was cut across much of the Afghan capital, Kabul, where the quake was felt for about 45 seconds. Rescue officials said at least 28 people were known to have died in northern tribal areas, 20 in the north-west, three in Gilgit-Baltistan and one in Pakistani Kashmir. Two women were reportedly killed in a house that collapsed in Swat. In Pakistan, fears immediately focused on communities in mountainous and isolated parts of the north, which were already vulnerable to landslides after two days of unseasonably heavy rain and snowfall. The initial magnitude 7.5R quake on Monday afternoon was followed by seven aftershocks, measuring as high as magnitude 4.8R. The latest aftershock came just before dawn on Tuesday. Thousands spent the night outdoors in near-freezing temperatures reluctant to go back inside for fear of aftershocks, Pakistani media reported
     

27 Oct 2015
              It was a clear sky an usual thing found in the night 26th and morning of 27 Oct when all the stars are quite visible and the spectacle of the twin planets nearness seen with naked eye is really amazing than the view of the TAJMAHAL. The wonders of the sky are fascinating and today i.e., 28th morning sky loaded with the gravity waves impact due to the Hindu Kush Earthquake tremor. The rain expected to lash out on the 29th as per India meteorology  predictions.  
28th Oct 2015                                              
                                    

                                   28 Oct 2015 at 5h21m AM Planets duo visible to naked eye.
 28  Oct 2015
                  Acrid haze blanketing parts of Indonesia has claimed a number of lives, the government says. Slash-and-burn practices across the archipelago have created a haze that has blanketed much of Southeast Asia in recent months. The death toll from a smoky haze hanging over much of Indonesia was almost double the previous figure as the crisis from widespread forest fires worsens, the government said Wednesday." As of this morning, there are 19 people who have died from the effects of haze."
VISAKHAPATNAM CLOUDY
                                   It didn't rain here but weather is cool on 28th Oct and pleasant. The cool weather continued in the evening also.



 CASSINI AT  ENCELADUS SATURN MOON            
                    On Wednesday, 28 Oct., Cassini will storm through a jet of water vapour and frozen particles erupting from the south pole of Enceladus, one of Saturn's many moons. The spacecraft will zoom within 30 miles of the pole, providing the best sampling yet of its underground ocean. Cassini will be traveling 19,000 mph, so it should take just an instant to penetrate the plume.






29 Oct 2015



                                            Looking East before Sun rise on Oct 29th 2015.

            

BEYOND DUST INFRARED REVEALS MILKYWAY OBJECTS

             Analysing data from the survey, the astronomers found 655 candidate variable stars of a type called Cepheids. These stars expand and contract periodically, taking anything from a few days to months to complete a cycle and changing significantly in brightness as they do so. All of the 35 classical Cepheids discovered are less than 100 million years old. The youngest Cepheid may even be only around 25 million years old, although we cannot exclude the possible presence of even younger and brighter Cepheids. The VVV survey is observing the central parts of our galaxy in five near-infrared bands. The total area of this survey is 520 square degrees and contains at least 355 open and 33 globular clusters. [1] The VVV is multi-epoch in nature in order to detect a large number of variable objects and will provide more than 100 carefully spaced observations at different times for each part of the sky covered. A catalogue with about a billion point sources including about a million variable objects is expected. These will be used to create a three-dimensional map of the bulge of the Milky Way galaxy. [2] The dust clouds in interstellar space absorb and scatter visible light very effectively and make them opaque. But at longer wavelengths, such as those observed by VISTA, the clouds are much more transparent, allowing the regions beyond the dust to be probed.


LIGHT HAS ANOTHER SPEED

                            Researchers at the Harvard John A. Paulson of SEAS have done just that, designing the first on-chip metamaterial with a refractive index of zero, meaning that the phase of light can travel infinitely fast. Light doesn't typically like to be squeezed or manipulated but this metamaterial permits you to manipulate light from one chip to another, to squeeze, bend, twist and reduce diameter of a beam from the macroscale to the nanoscale. But light has another speed, measured by how fast the crests of a wavelength move, known as phase velocity. This speed of light increases or decreases depending on the material it's moving through. In a zero-index material, there is no phase advance, meaning light no longer behaves as a moving wave, traveling through space in a series of crests and troughs. Instead, the zero-index material creates a constant phase -- all crests or all troughs -- stretching out in infinitely long wavelengths. The crests and troughs oscillate only as a variable of time, not space. This uniform phase allows the light to be stretched or squished, twisted or turned, without losing energy. A zero-index material that fits on a chip could have exciting applications, especially in the world of quantum computing. We designed and fabricated an on-chip integrated metamaterial with a refractive index of zero in the optical regime. Light refracts perpendicular to the facets of a prism made of this metamaterial, directly demonstrating that the index of refraction is zero.


US TOILETS TO TAP WATER TO BEAT DROUGHT

                      Snowmelt from the Sierra Nevada a key source of drinking water for the state California, is virtually gone. Imported water from the Colorado River and ground water are alsoin decline. California’s Orange County purification plant, largest in the world, treats 100 million gallons a day, enough for 8,50,000 people. Expansion to bring it to 130 million gallons a day. Water goes through micro-filtration to get rid of tiny organisms, then it is purified by reverse osmosis, finally UV light zaps any remaining particles. ISS uses equipment to recover the crew’s urine, breath vapor and sweat to produce water for coffee or brushing teeth. Texas also faces a severe drought. Potable reuse could yield 350 billion gallons per year to meet eight million Californian requirements.

 

 VISAKHAPATNAM
                            It rained night from 1h30mAM to 2h30mAM on the 30 Oct. Morning was a bright Sun light. The weather is bit chilly.




MEDICAL MIRACLE: AUTOTRANSPLANTATION OF LIVER
              The surgeons extracted a patients liver, aged 24 years, preserved it for hours, removed the blockades and under developed hepatic blood vessels and the reconstructed them with artificial grafts and finally transplanted the same liver back into the patient body. Stat-run Osmania General Hospital surgeons made the desperate ditch attempt and made the Budd-chiari Syndrome on the youngster. After a fortnight the patient made a perfect recovery. Dr.Ch.Madhusudan and Dr.C.G.Rahuram performed the operation.





    

 COUD AND RAIN
           Visakhapatnam graced by clouds and moderate rain on the eve of 30th, evening to night 10PM, Gajuvaka, Gopalpatnam, NAD,Kancherpalem, Arilova, and Madhurvada itrained till7PM.  Morning of 31st Oct it rained through out the night on 30th,  and the two days I felt quite chilly and covered by a blanket in the nights of 29th, 30th. Today 31st morning the weather is very cool and city is engulfed in clouds. I couldn't see the stars around 5h40mAM since the sky was very cloudy.The rains and a possible low-depression during the last two days from 30th to 31st gave a relief from intense heat of Sun and surprisingly weather is quite cold. On the 31st Oct 2015 at 3h08mPM to almost 16h03mPM it was raining very heavily in Visakhapatnam.             





ACKNOWLEDGEMENT


                       The author is deeply indebted to Late Professor K. R. Rao D.Sc. (Madras), D.Sc. (London) (1899-1972) of Andhra University, Visakhapatnam,  for his gracious encouragement, that sustained the interest of the author in the natural calamities and celestial events.  Things have changed in Visakhapatnam, in his  life time, especially from 1931 to 1972. 
 
This article delayed publication by a day due to heavy rain and power failure at Muralinagar, Visakhapatnam. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


         

 




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