Volume 2016, Issue No. 4b, Dated: 17 April 2016,
Time: 17:32:42 PM.
Time: 17:32:42 PM.
NEW RESEARCH FIND ON
KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL
DIAGRAM
A NEW SPECTRAL ACROSS LINE
GREEN GIANTS AND DARK DWARFS
A NEW SPECTRAL ACROSS LINE
GREEN GIANTS AND DARK DWARFS
by
Prof. Dr. K. L. Narayana
(Retd.
Professor of Physics, SU, Kolhapur – 416004, Maharashtra State, India) Presently at Res: 17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram,
Official Colony, Maharanipeta. P.O., Visakhapatnam – 530002. (AP) India.
Mobile: +91 9491902867.
emails: lakshminarayana.kotcherlakota@gmail.com
kotcherlakota_l_n@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
emails: lakshminarayana.kotcherlakota@gmail.com
kotcherlakota_l_n@hotmail.com
ABSTRACT
The KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM is enunciated. The cross details given by the present author in his New Model of analysis of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram explains the possible existence of a spectral entities some, presently known, but others not yet discovered. The spectral space entities would occupy the respective positions on the marked line connecting the Red Giants with the Blue stragglers. The system is a spread out on the diagram extending over the entire visible spectrum from Red to Violet with the intermediate coloured celestial objects. But I have restricted the scale as, Red as 0, Blue as 4, the Orange would be 0.83, Yellow as roughly 1, and finally Green around 2 in the above diagram. Green objects seems have been camouflaged by the central dense stars. Indigo and Violet objects are not yet discovered, as the author feels very strongly. It is open for experimentalists to gauge the Sky. Orange and Yellow objects, possibly not recorded by the Astronomers. Green giants of the spectrum has been found to be around the middle of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram, but slightly to the left adjoining the main sequence.
The DARK MATTER and the Green Giants around the left side of the Main sequence exactly above the 'GO spectral type' indicate the possible intermixing of the Green Giants etc. Dark dwarfs of density of dark energy (~ 7 × 10−30 g/cm3) is very low, but possibly exist in this region of the diagram.
Key Words: Dark Dwarfs, Green Giants, GO spectral type, kln-hertzsprung-russell diagram.
The DARK MATTER and the Green Giants around the left side of the Main sequence exactly above the 'GO spectral type' indicate the possible intermixing of the Green Giants etc. Dark dwarfs of density of dark energy (~ 7 × 10−30 g/cm3) is very low, but possibly exist in this region of the diagram.
Key Words: Dark Dwarfs, Green Giants, GO spectral type, kln-hertzsprung-russell diagram.
KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM
The relationship between
Luminosity L/L۞ Versus Spectral Type of the stars is
nicely depicted in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, but fails to account for the
mysterious Red giants and the Blue stragglers.
The present author’s line of contention across the Main sequence is a
revolutionary approach to streamline the visible stars.
NEW FIND EXPLAINED
The spectral space entities would occupy the respective positions on the marked line connecting the Red Giants with the Blue stragglers. The system is a spread out on the diagram extending over the entire visible spectrum from Red to Violet with the intermediate coloured celestial objects. But I have restricted the scale as, Red as 0, Blue as 4, the Orange would be 0.83, Yellow as roughly 1, and finally Green around 2 in the above diagram. Green objects seems have been camouflaged by the central dense stars. Indigo and Violet objects are not yet discovered, as the author feels very strongly. It is open for experimentalists to gauge the Sky. Orange and Yellow objects, possibly not recorded by the Astronomers.
DIAGRAM KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL
A NEW SPECTRAL ACROSS LINE
Fig.1 The
KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM
NEW FIND EXPLAINED
The spectral space entities would occupy the respective positions on the marked line connecting the Red Giants with the Blue stragglers. The system is a spread out on the diagram extending over the entire visible spectrum from Red to Violet with the intermediate coloured celestial objects. But I have restricted the scale as, Red as 0, Blue as 4, the Orange would be 0.83, Yellow as roughly 1, and finally Green around 2 in the above diagram. Green objects seems have been camouflaged by the central dense stars. Indigo and Violet objects are not yet discovered, as the author feels very strongly. It is open for experimentalists to gauge the Sky. Orange and Yellow objects, possibly not recorded by the Astronomers.
DIAGRAM KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL
A NEW SPECTRAL ACROSS LINE
Fig.2 KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM
19 April 2016 Showing the NEW FIND OF THE
VISIBLE SPECTRUM across the scatter graph of stars.
Positions of Red, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet specified.
Positions of Red, Green, Blue, Indigo and Violet specified.
It was very fascinating to find the GREEN GIANTS in the middle of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram, but slightly to the left adjoining the main sequence.
The visible spectrum celestial giants across the scatter graph of the famous BO, AO, FO, GO, KO, MO spectral types is certainly a novel enumeration by the present author. The position of the visible spectrum across the scatter graph, certainly is UNIQUE and credit of it goes Late Prof. K. R. Rao, D.Sc.(Madras) D.Sc. (London) who has made remarkable finding about the Green appearance.
Dark Green Glass filter used, with the region of transparency Yellow-Green by Prof K R Rao in his spectroscopy investigations carried out in Vijayanagram, Maharaja College during 1921-1924. On page 22 of his D.Sc. Thesis of Madras University, he gives the structural Absorption of the Green line 5350 lambda, wavelength. Page 21 mentions the use of DARK GREEN GLASS colour filter.
CONCLUSIONS DRAWN IN A PAPER PUBLISHED BY KLN
AN IMPORTANT FINDING
An important finding of the present work is the observation of Green scatter falls in the middle of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram slightly on the left side. See above Diagram Fig.2.
Dark Green Glass filter used, with the region of transparency Yellow-Green by Prof K R Rao in his spectroscopy investigations carried out in Vijayanagram, Maharaja College during 1921-1924. On page 22 of his D.Sc. Thesis of Madras University, he gives the structural Absorption of the Green line 5350 lambda, wavelength. Page 21 mentions the use of DARK GREEN GLASS colour filter.
CONCLUSIONS DRAWN IN A PAPER PUBLISHED BY KLN
A plane new wave runs in the z direction. It shall be obvious that avoidance of suppressed equations, to illustrate the unique existence of electron and a dark matter particle would give a new insight of the physics of ordinary and the dark matter considerations in the realm of Cosmology and Particle Physics.
SEE THE NOTE ADDED AT THE END OF THIS ARTICLE BY ME.AN IMPORTANT FINDING
An important finding of the present work is the observation of Green scatter falls in the middle of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram slightly on the left side. See above Diagram Fig.2.
Fig.3 The H-R diagram from web.
Note the spectral enumeration given from 40000 to 2500 Temperature Tk. They have not yet, considered the cross details given by the present author in his New Model of analysis of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram.
DIGRESSION
Note the spectral enumeration given from 40000 to 2500 Temperature Tk. They have not yet, considered the cross details given by the present author in his New Model of analysis of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram.
DIGRESSION
Stars arise in many
varieties, and to enunciate the findings of white dwarfs, and the super-giant mass clusters the author felt a newer approach of star enumeration is to be
enunciated. Mysterious group of stars called Blue Stragglers which termed as
old stars, that appear younger, surprisingly hot and remarkably Blue.
Discovered in globular cluster M3, in 1953, by Allan Sandage. They don’t show
their age, but perhaps the recent Hubble Space Telescope might provide answer
to why they look hotter and bluer than they should due to their advanced age!
In Hertzsprung-Russell
(H-R) diagram show these as hotter and bluer than other star clusters, having the
same luminosity. These violate standard theories, of their evolution, with all
stars born at the same time would lie on the same curve in H-R diagram. The
Blue stragglers stars violate standard theories to date. Their positions on the
expected curve, determined solely by their initial mass. All stars forming the
cluster should lie along a well-defined curve prompting the age of the cluster.
Masses of the Blue stragglers, actually seem to be two or three times more than
the rest of stars in the main sequence. Why they are exceptional in this sense?
BLUE STRAGGLERS
BLUE STRAGGLERS
Blue stragglers were discovered 62 years
ago, though astronomers were confused of their appearance. It is suggested that
the ageing star spills out material on to a smaller companion star, which the
later grows, becomes Hotter and Bluer while the original star becomes a white
dwarf or the like. The Lady Astronomer Natalie Gosnell, used the Hubble Space
Telescope and conducted a survey on NGC 188 in the constellation of Cepheus in
the Northern Sky that has about 21 Blue Stragglers. White dwarfs with temperatures
above 12,000 Kelvin give out UV radiation detectable by Hubble, she discovered
that seven out of 21 have white Dwarfs companions. About 7 of the remaining 14,
show mass transfers between stars. [Astrophysical Journal, 1 December 2015].
Presence of hot White Dwarfs possibly makes the Blue Stragglers appear Younger.
If they don’t emit UV radiation, when cooled appreciably White Dwarfs cannot be
detected.
REGION BETWEEN RED GIANTS AND BLUE STRAGGLERS
REGION BETWEEN RED GIANTS AND BLUE STRAGGLERS
The
line drawn by the author between the Red Giants and the Blue stragglers is a
distinctive discovery, and furthers the ideas of Star Diagrams.
The colours of the spectrum of
white light are violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red (VIBGYOR).
The white light is a mixture of different colours. Each colour is associated with
light of a particular wavelength. Red light has longer wavelengths than the
blue light. The angle of deviation by a prism is not the same for all the
wavelength (colours) of light. Hence the prism disperses white light into its
constituent colours. The red is deviated least and the violet most. Violet
400-440; Indigo 440-460; Blue 460-500; Green 500-570; Yellow 570-590; Orange
590-620; Red 620-720.
KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram explains the possible existence of a spectral entities some, presently known, but others not yet discovered. Ref: 1- 4.
DARK MATTER, DARK ENERGY AND DARK DWARFS
The DARK MATTER and the Green Giants around the left side of the Main sequence exactly above the 'GO spectral type' indicate the possible intermixing of the Green Giants etc. Dark dwarfs of density of dark energy (~ 7 × 10−30 g/cm3) is very low, but possibly exist in this region of the diagram.
The best current measurements indicate that dark energy contributes 68.3% of the total energy in the present-day Observable Universe. The mass–energy of Dark Matter and the Ordinary Baryon Matter contribute 26.8% and 4.9%, respectively, and other components, such as neutrinos and photons contribute a very small amount.
The region enunciated, in the present theory, indicates possible new interactions of the Dark Matter, Dark Energy and the Ordinary matter resulting in formation of Dark Dwarfs etc., novel entities within the Green Giants.
CONCLUSIONS
The KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM is enunciated. The cross details given by the present author in his New Model of analysis of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram explains the possible existence of a spectral entities some, presently known, but others not yet discovered. Green giants of the spectrum has been found to be around the middle of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram, but slightly to the left adjoining the main sequence.
The Green Giants around the left side of the Main sequence exactly above the 'GO spectral type' indicate the possible intermixing of the Green Giants etc. Dark dwarfs of density of dark energy (~ 7 × 10−30 g/cm3) is very low, but possibly exist in this region of the diagram.
The region enunciated, in the present theory, indicates possible new interactions of the Dark Matter, Dark Energy and the Ordinary matter resulting in formation of Dark Dwarfs etc., novel entities within the Green Giants.
DEDICATION
KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram explains the possible existence of a spectral entities some, presently known, but others not yet discovered. Ref: 1- 4.
DARK MATTER, DARK ENERGY AND DARK DWARFS
The DARK MATTER and the Green Giants around the left side of the Main sequence exactly above the 'GO spectral type' indicate the possible intermixing of the Green Giants etc. Dark dwarfs of density of dark energy (~ 7 × 10−30 g/cm3) is very low, but possibly exist in this region of the diagram.
The best current measurements indicate that dark energy contributes 68.3% of the total energy in the present-day Observable Universe. The mass–energy of Dark Matter and the Ordinary Baryon Matter contribute 26.8% and 4.9%, respectively, and other components, such as neutrinos and photons contribute a very small amount.
The region enunciated, in the present theory, indicates possible new interactions of the Dark Matter, Dark Energy and the Ordinary matter resulting in formation of Dark Dwarfs etc., novel entities within the Green Giants.
CONCLUSIONS
The KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL DIAGRAM is enunciated. The cross details given by the present author in his New Model of analysis of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram explains the possible existence of a spectral entities some, presently known, but others not yet discovered. Green giants of the spectrum has been found to be around the middle of the KLN-HERTZSPRUNG-RUSSELL diagram, but slightly to the left adjoining the main sequence.
The Green Giants around the left side of the Main sequence exactly above the 'GO spectral type' indicate the possible intermixing of the Green Giants etc. Dark dwarfs of density of dark energy (~ 7 × 10−30 g/cm3) is very low, but possibly exist in this region of the diagram.
The region enunciated, in the present theory, indicates possible new interactions of the Dark Matter, Dark Energy and the Ordinary matter resulting in formation of Dark Dwarfs etc., novel entities within the Green Giants.
DEDICATION
This publication is dedicated to the fond memory of Prof. K. R. Rao, D.Sc. (Madras) D.Sc. (London).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author is indebted to Late Prof K R Rao D.Sc. (Madras) D.Sc. (London) for his advice, guidance and direction, in the author’s work. His walks along the beach coast of Visakhapatnam, marvelling the colours of the Land, Ocean and the Atmosphere while attending to his Space & Technology laboratories, guiding scores of students, at M. Sc., Ph. D., and Post-Doctoral works in Andhra University during the years 1931-1972 was a great marvel. As a man of vivid spectroscopic thoughts and vision he perceived the Nature and Universe in an outstanding way. Visited by several foreign scientists and Nobel Laureates, scores of other Professors and Teachers from India, the labs have won a unique place in the History of Mankind.
REFERENCES
1. Wednesday, May 16, 2012
REFERENCES
1. Wednesday, May 16, 2012
A solution of Dirac-like Equation for Electrons and the possible Dark objects & vice versa
trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com
Volume 2012, Issue No.5, Dt.16 May 2012 Time: 8h 48 A.M.
A solution of Dirac-like Equation for Electrons and the possible Dark objects & vice versa
by
Professor Dr Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana
{Retd. Prof. of Phys, SU, Kolhapur} 17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram, Official Colony,
Maharanipeta. P. O, Visakhapatnam - 530002. Mobile No: 9491902867
ABSTRACT
η = (C4^2+C3^2)/(C2-C3)*C1
f= (C2+C4/eta)/C1-----------------------(6)
Volume 2012, Issue No.5, Dt.16 May 2012 Time: 8h 48 A.M.
A solution of Dirac-like Equation for Electrons and the possible Dark objects & vice versa
by
Professor Dr Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana
{Retd. Prof. of Phys, SU, Kolhapur} 17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram, Official Colony,
Maharanipeta. P. O, Visakhapatnam - 530002. Mobile No: 9491902867
ABSTRACT
Dirac-like Equation solved under perturbation conditions to realize the possible solutions to describe the Physics of electrons and Dark positive electrons with the sea of negative electrons totally filled by the dark objects, of course, in the style of interpretation that is unique. The possible Dark background was realized by Late Prof K R Rao of Madras University, while carrying out his research for D.Sc.(Madras) during the years 1920 to 1924 at Andhra Pradesh in Viziyanagaram and Visakhapatnam.
2.PAGE 21 and 22 D.Sc. Thesis of Prof K R Rao, 1922-1924.
The primary or exciting beam passes along and is brought to a focus at the center of the cross and fluorescence was observed in the direction DC against the dark background. With a view to photograph even the faint fluorescent light, it became necessary to avoid all scattered light and so between the slit of the observing spectrograph and the end of the cross there were placed a number of coaxial diaphragms. The dotted portion was subject to preliminary heating and was exhausted to a pressure of 1 m.m at about 200 C and then the temperature was raised to about 500 C, when observations were made in the lateral direction by illuminating the vapours with different radiations. The table gives a summary of the observations.
Refer:
A solution of Dirac-like Equation for Electrons and the possible Dark objects & vice versa
3. f= (C4+ η*C2/)/ C3 ;---------------------(4)
η = (C4^2+C3^2)/(C2-C3)*C1
f= (C2+C4/eta)/C1-----------------------(6)
the set eq.4 and eq.6 to describe the electron and positive Dark Matter state respectively. Contradiction does not arise if one uses the perturbation theory and a judicious choice of equations to describe the particle sets.
Refer above quoted research paper by me.
4. K. L. Narayana, “on the unification of Gravity and Quantum Physics”, J. Shivaji University, Vol. 17. (Science), p. 13-21, 1977. This paper gives references to several models of Unitary symmetry, Quantum Gravity, mixing phenomenon of photon and meson like the ρ-meson, Gravity Gauge Theories, analogy of Spin 2 Gravitons with Phonons. Also it suggests the nonet of Spin 2 Resonance mesons of positive parity, and with masses between 1200 to 1600 MeV their possible mixing with Graviton. In other words in resonance situation of high energy graviton gets endowed with mass! A canonical linear procedure, in the style of Dirac formulation of Quantum Mechanics by P. A. M. Dirac, has been detailed for the Spin 2 Graviton description with a metric that has subscripts to describe the polarized state. It also gives a reference to the predicted quanta conformon (the biological energy transfer quantized unit), finite vortex model of dual strings by Hu B (preprint Vol.254A, p. 0177 Jan 1977).
4. K. L. Narayana, “on the unification of Gravity and Quantum Physics”, J. Shivaji University, Vol. 17. (Science), p. 13-21, 1977. This paper gives references to several models of Unitary symmetry, Quantum Gravity, mixing phenomenon of photon and meson like the ρ-meson, Gravity Gauge Theories, analogy of Spin 2 Gravitons with Phonons. Also it suggests the nonet of Spin 2 Resonance mesons of positive parity, and with masses between 1200 to 1600 MeV their possible mixing with Graviton. In other words in resonance situation of high energy graviton gets endowed with mass! A canonical linear procedure, in the style of Dirac formulation of Quantum Mechanics by P. A. M. Dirac, has been detailed for the Spin 2 Graviton description with a metric that has subscripts to describe the polarized state. It also gives a reference to the predicted quanta conformon (the biological energy transfer quantized unit), finite vortex model of dual strings by Hu B (preprint Vol.254A, p. 0177 Jan 1977).
===========================================================
No comments:
Post a Comment