THE POSSIBLE SYMMETRY-SUPERSYMMETRY INTERACTION CURRENTS & THE PROPERTIES OF STRANGE MATTER OF STELLAR STRUCTURES

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Volume 2013, Issue No.12, December 16, 2013, Time:9h16mP.M.

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

{94^th Ind. Sci. Cong. held at Amity University, Noida, 3 - 7 January, 2007}

THE POSSIBLE SYMMETRY-SUPERSYMMETRY INTERACTION CURRENTS

& THE PROPERTIES OF STRANGE MATTER

OF STELLAR STRUCTURES

by

Professor Dr. Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana

A.G. L. College, Post Graduate Department of Physics, Sankarmattam Road,  Visakhapatnam, 

Email: Kotcherlakota_l_n@hotmail.com

Key words: strange matter, supersymmetry, smon particles, aesthetic beauty.

ABSTRACT

               A model involving the symmetry-supersymmetry interaction has been suggested to explain the properties of strange matter of compact stellar structures. The nine supersymmetry particles (smons) are endowed with the hypercharge and isospin assignments. These are  

Fig.1 

G, ˉN^c , iS, -iR, A, D, T, 0^c, ˉ0^c.

The imaginary particles are included for the aesthetic beauty of the model considerations. The strangeness conserving and strangeness-changing expressions have been obtained. The typical amplitudes

(θ^c n| S Ξ) a*_ν a_e= (κ^- S| κ⁰ θ^c) a* _ν a_e = a*_μ a_c ( θ| κ^’  ˉN^c )

and

a_μ a*_e (κ^- θ| ⁺ N^c) = (κ^-  θ | κ⁰  R)  a* _ν a_e

with the equality relations and the ax’s are typical coefficients. For the symmetry we took the Octet mesons that play a role in the Strange or Neutron stars. A, D, T particles constitute the diagonal elements of the Nonet, obey SO (3) structure. An important feature of our symmetry-supersymmetry model is that the gluon type X, Y, Z quanta carry the charge as per the QCD requirements, but as well they posses mass. The meson-smon vertex terms and their diagrams are much more complex. The only reason of the mass acquisition by the colored gluons is the compactness of the Strange Matter. The processes that we envisaged in our theory are

         

Meson + smon à Meson + smon.

The predicted amplitude relations would help experimental analysis of the Quark Gluon Fireball experiments of CERN, FERMI LAB, RHIC etc., on the properties of New Matter. {Especially the author would like to express his gratitude to the scientists and the staff at the FERMI LABS during his visit when TEVATRON was being built. The author also wants to record the help and keen support by Late Dr. Rama Leela, M. B. B. S, D.G.O of Hollywood, Florida, U. S. A for my visit to FERMI LABS and she took the trouble of driving me in her car to and from the FERMI LABS for my sake. She was so much thrilled of my visit to the FERMI LABS an unforgettable experience for me personally. I bought some slides at the FERMI LABS and also made discussions with some staff there.}

DETAILED PAPER

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

{94^th Ind. Sci. Cong. held at Amity University, 
Noida, 3 - 7 January, 2007}

THE POSSIBLE SYMMETRY-SUPERSYMMETRY INTERACTION CURRENTS

& THE PROPERTIES OF STRANGE MATTER

OF STELLAR STRUCTURES

by

Professor Dr. Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana

A.G. L. College, Post Graduate Department of Physics, Sankarmattam Road,  Visakhapatnam, 

Email: Kotcherlakota_l_n@hotmail.com

Key words: strange matter, supersymmetry, smon particles, aesthetic beauty.

Renewed interest by using the Chandra Satellite [1] and the Hubble Telescope [2] on X-Ray and Gamma Ray emitting stellar objects, the existence of Strange Types of stars is being thought for possible existence of a new form of material. It is said to raise some questions about the stability of matter in the Universe. The concept of Witten[3] of a Strange star is that it can exist in self-bound state more compact than normal neutron star and to consist of plasma of almost equal population of u, d and s quarks of SU(3) of Gellman and a small admixture of electrons. He found that the plot of mass of s quark and the bag model constant B (57.5MeV  / fm) has indicated a possibility of stability of strange matter to form a star-like body. The other authors are listed in reference [3] given below.

                         Investigations by several researchers using the Chandra Satellite of the survey of Universe found several places for sources of X-Rays which source from hot active regions. Such regions are identifiable as the Neutron Stars or much more energetic remnants of exhausted stars which may be more massive than the Sun. It is well known to Astrophysicists that when such stars exhaust the hydrogen fuel within the object, they explode into bright supernova, forming central part that become extremely dense into a star of Neutrons. The environment around them is probably enveloped by a thin atmosphere rich in Iron is about four trillion pounds. The Neutrinos are formed by combination of the protons and electrons under extreme pressures. These weighty objects emit X-Rays that can easily be picked by instruments aboard space labs. The orbiting X-Ray telescope, Chandra recently discovered an X-Ray flare being emitted by a Brown Dwarf (special case M9). This poses an additional problem for the advocates of the Stellar Fusion Model. A star this cool should not be capable of X-Ray flare production. Combining through the data from the explosion of a Neutron Satr, astrophysicists have found X-Ray oscillations that could provide the first direct clues to the inner workings of these mysterious Stellar objects.

                        The view at bottom points out important feature in the image, such as the ring’s inner and outer edges. “ Physics World” October 2000 issue on Physics Web posts that “The confinement of quarks inside a small volume, such as inside a Neutron or Proton costs energy because the light up and down quarks would prefer to occupy a much greater volume. This makes the mass of a proton, for instance, about 50-200 times heavier than the total mass of three quarks inside it. ( A Proton has a mass of 1.67E-27Kg = 0.938 GeV/c^2, where as the mass of two isolated up quarks and a down quark would only be 0.005-0.02 GeV/c^2). Theories have conjectured that quarks are permanently confined in Nucleons by complex quantum fluctuations of the vacuum. In a space-time region where this virtual vacuum structure has been “dissolved” Nucleons and nuclear matter as we know it will cease to exist. Under these conditions the quark-gluon plasma, the state of matter that existed in the early Universe, will be formed. 
             
                     The present author [4] has discovered the possibility of existence of Strange Stars and as well by hyper-charge stars based on COSMOD Transformation scaling of Gravity.

K. L. Narayana [4, 5] utilized the experimental values and symmetry considerations of Spin-2 particles classification. In that work, a second type of gravitational influence that can extend to beyond the range of Newton’s concept of Gravity has been spelled out rather cursorily by consideration of Spin-2 particles,

f⁰,  f^o1, A^0±₂,  K*^±,  K⁰*,  ¯K⁰*

(with energies between 1200MeV to 1600MeV). [Refer Fig. A1 and Fig. A2]

 Also in the late sixties the possibility of Hyperon Nuclei and their properties were studied by the present author [5]. Super Quark processes and X-Ray intensity variations specifically mentioned in the year 1986 by K. L. Narayana [5].

            Theoretical studies, initiated in the early 1980s by Johann Rafelski, as per a report by Physics World October 2000[Ref. *], led to the prediction that the number of Strange Particles in the collisions would be significantly enhanced as a result of the formation of quark-gluon plasma. (physics.arizona.edu/~rafelski/). This happens because the Strange Quarks and antiquarks that are produced by pair of gluons fusing into quark-antiquark pairs in the plasma would lead to the formation of relatively large numbers of composite particles containing one or more Strange Quarks during the subsequent “hadronization”, process. The Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) uses the cutting-edge technologies to study the quark-gluon plasma in detail at higher energies. At RHIC, gold nuclei with an energy equivalent to 100 times their rest mass (i.e. about 100GeV per nucleon) are made to collide head on. ALICE will take data at energies about 30 times higher than those at RHIC (i.e. about 3500GeV per nucleon). In laboratory experiments, the chemical composition of the plasma varies during its lifetime as new types of “flavors” of quark are cooked up inside. Up and Down quarks are easily produced as quark-antiquark pairs in the hot fireball because they have small masses. In the current CERN experiments the extra quark flavor is Strangeness. The quarks and the anti-quarks produced in the deconfined fireball find their way into a multitude of different particles- with different quark contents- that emerge as the fireball breakups up. However antimatter production is not a characteristic signature of quark deconfinement since it can be explained by other physical mechanisms. Thousands of particles are created in high-energy nuclear collisions. So the photon background from the decay of neutral pions (bound states of up and down quarks) is large.  Observations have shown that these and other “indirect” photons are so numerous that they make it very difficult to extract the direct photon signal, which is only a small fraction of all the photons produced. 


                 The hot plasma can appear as an electron-positron pair, or as a heavier muon–antimuon pair. Some of the dilepton pairs seen in the experiment come from the decay of charmonium. These charmonium particles (also called J/psi, chi and psi prime) have many properties that are familiar with from the study of positronium, the bound state of electron and positron. The charm quark is about ten times heavier than the Strange Quark. Charm quark-antiquark pairs can only be formed during the very early stages of the collision as the nuclei begin to penetrate each other. However, they may not have the chance to form charmonium if they are produced within quark-gluon plasma because the gluons present in the plasma will interact with the charm quarks in a way that hinders their binding. Indeed, the experiments predicting the Charmonium at the SPS (the NA38 and NA50 experiments) have observed a suppression of the J/psi signal compared with what would be expected if each incident nucleon interacted with the target nucleus on its own. Suppression of the J/psi signal is therefore interpreted as a striking signature for quark deconfinement. Strange particles are naturally radioactive and decay by weak interactions that occur on a timescale that is extremely long compared with the nuclear-collision times. This makes it relatively easy to detect Strange Particles through the tracks left by their decay products. The temperature of the fireball, and the speed of the fire ball explosion, at the time when the inertia of compressed matter has overcome by internal pressures that are in excess of 10E+30 bars is astounding. (From the source at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory posted 12 April, 2006)

“It may be noted as amazing as it seem, it has been known for 50years that very special species of subatomic particles can make spontaneous transitions between matter and antimatter. In this exciting new result the CDF physicists measured the rate of matter-antimatter transitions for Bs (pronounced “B sub s”) meson, which consists of heavy bottom quark bound by the strong nuclear interaction to a strange anti-quark, a staggering rate that challenges the imagination 3 trillion times per second measured to a precision of 2%. Run II luminosity of Tevatron a tribute to the skill of the Fermi lab family”.

One popular and well motivated theory is supersymmetry, in which each known particle has its own “super” partner particle. Fermi lab theoretical physicist Marcela Carena noted that general versions of Supersymmetry predict even faster transition rate than was actually measured. So, some of those theories can be ruled out based upon this result. “At the Tevatron”, Carena said, “important information on the nature of supersymmetric models will be obtained from the combination of precise measurements of Bs matter-antimatter transitions and the search for the rare decay of Bs mesons into muon pairs. It is even possible that an indirect indication for supersymmetry would show up in these measurements before the Large Hadrons Collider turns on.” (CERN- WA97 and NA57 experiments wa97.wed.cern.ch/WA97 and Johann Rafelski: Department of Physics University of Arizona, Tucson. A/85721, US, (physics.arizona.edu/-rafelski/).

THE SYMMETRY PRINCIPLE

                        We enunciate the symmetry principle that there exists an interaction of the symmetry with supersymmetry behavior of the Strange Matter. This is unlike the usual supersymmetry based model approach given by CERN group or the Fermi Laboratory theories and by other theorists of particle physics and relativity.  Obviously strangeness conserving and strangeness non-conserving would find any resemblance with weak axial vector baryon current. A detailed discussion of the presented symmetry-supersymmetry principle may not be an analogy with eight-fold  philosophy of Gellman or Sakata models, but is subtle in the sense that we use the meson and smon (are the symmetry-supersymmetry particles) to study processes such as

Meson+ smonà Meson + smon

                  In view of the similarity of the SU(3) octet model of meson states of Strangeness and Hypercharge given by F₃ and F₈ matrices of Unitary symmetry and the concomitant supersymmetric particles  Viz.,

Fig.1 The Nine Supersymmetry Particles SMONS

We get amplitude relations for experimental guidance and are explicitly given below:

           

            (θ^c n| S Ξ) a*_ν a_e =  (κ^- S| κ⁰ θ^c) a* _ν a_e = a*_μ a_c (   θ| κ^’  ˉN^c )……..(1)

and

a_μ a*_e (κ^- θ| ⁺ N^c)  =  (κ^-  θ | κ⁰  R)  a* _ν a_e……………………(2)

where a²_μ = a²_e = a²_ν =1/2  and   a²_χ  =  a²_ψ =1/4.

We may adopt a*_e a_{χ  =} a*_e a*_{χ =} β/√2 and a*_e a_{ψ  =}  a*_e a*_ψ =/√6

with  = √3/2 and β= ½   .……………………(3)

STRANGE MATTER NUMERICAL DATA

          Mass of  =139.6MeV and Mass of ⁰ = 135.0MeV. Mass of κ^- = 493.7 MeV =mass of κ⁺ Mass of κ⁰ = ^-κ⁰ = 497.7MeV. Mass of η⁰ = 548.8MeV. Ordinarily the exotic atom (p κ^-) can exist with a binding energy in ground state of about 8618.0eV with 84fm Bohr radius and (p^-) exotic atom has a binding energy of 3231.0eV in the ground state but a Bohr radius of about 222fm. The idea is similar to the concept of a negative hydrogen atom formed by a neutron and an electron suggested by S. Chandhra Sekhar [6] in the year 1944.  Shuryak and Zahed [7] found that the highest

Temperature T at which light quark states are coulomb bound is somehow lower than that of charmonium. T_qq =1.45*Tc = 250MeV where Tc is a transition phase temperature. While the s-wave gg gluonium states remain bound till at higher temperatures Tgg= 4Tc. As an example they have shown the binding energy of two gluons. (In absolute units it would reach about 100MeV, a smaller MeV than for quarks.) In Physics World issue dated July 2006 Jim Russ describes exotic meson challenges of the Y (3940) an important find because its decay into a J/ψ and a ω is clear statement that it cannot be a simple (c ^-c) charm system. A Strange Star equation has been given by Zdunik. [8].

          Hydrostatic equilibrium asserts the formation of a strange star as per the formula for pressure given by

                                  

                                       dP/dr = -p Gm/r^2 – ρ^. dv/dt ……………………(4)

where dv/dt = ∂v/∂t / ∂v/∂r and m is independent of t.  

So  dP/dm – Gm/ (4 π r⁴) – (dv/dt) / (4 π r²)

since dr/dm =1/(4π  r²  ρ).

               Here G is ubiquitous value of gravitation G=6.67E-08 cm³/ gm^. sec²  

Mass of neutron m_N = 1.67647E-24gm    (1.008665amu= 939.5731MeV)

and we get particle density n_o = 3.4E+39 m_N/ cm³ =5.7E+15gm/cm ³.

The quantity (m_N c²) is unit of energy density of a neutron.

The radius Ro of a neutron star is

Ro= 2(√2)( ћ c /G m_N ² ) ^1/2  (ћ / m_N c) =13.66km.

 And its mass is Mo=2(√2)  (hc/Gm_N)^3/2 m_N .

That is Mo = 5.013*2.187157*1.676E-24 = 1.838391E+34gm = 9.2M₀

where M₀ is the mass of Sun. 

  The dimensionless quantity   
                     G m_N² /(hc) =  5.93451E-39 

                 is similar to           e²/ (hc)    = 1/137.

Mass of Sun is                            M₀= 1.97E+33gm. 

Mass of star neutron                 Mo = 1.84E+34gm=9.33 M₀

The Compton wavelength of neutron is

ћ/( m_Nc) =2.1E-14cm. And (ћc)/ G m_N ² = 1.69E+38.

                                So |(ћc)/ G m_N ² |^½ = 1.3E+19. 

           Therefore |(ћc)/ G m_N ² | ^3/2 = 2.19E+57 and hence

Ro= 2(√2)( ћ c /G m_N ² ) ^1/2  (ћ / m_N c) =

5.0*1.3E+19*2.1E-14cm= 13.66618.737m = 13.666 km.……(5)

           De Broglie wavelength √(h² / (2*K_B *m*T))=4.90E-14cm  where Boltzmann constant is K_B= 1.3804E-14erg/ ⁰K  and T=1.0E+10⁰K. Robertson and Darryl [8] found that the spectral state switch and other spectral properties of both neutron star (NS) and Galactic Black Hole Candidate (GBHC) in low mass X-Ray binary systems could be explained by a magnetic propeller effect that requires an intrinsically magnetic central compact object. In later work they showed that intrinsically magnetic GBHC could be easily accommodated by general relativity in terms of magnetosphere eternally collapsing objects (MECO) with lifetimes greater than a Hubble time and examined some of their spectral properties. They claim that x-ray binaries can also be described since the entities contain a central object with an intrinsic magnetic moment.

THE PRESENT AUTHOR’S MODEL

          As outlined above we have adopted an interaction of the symmetry-supersymmetry particles as responsible for the sustenance STRANGE MATTER in the Universe. The possible states of matter are derivable easily from the transformation property of an Octet of Mesons and with a fundamental Nonet supersymmetry system of particles (called smons). The classification of these Nine “smons” on the basis of hypercharge and isospin was found intuitively to be the best optimum approach to study the various amplitudes functions that would arise either with axial vector or other types of fundamental particle interaction processes. These amplitudes listed in equations (1) and (2) given above and similar ones would provide the guidance for experimental analysis.

          The A, D, T smons have hypercharge 2,0,-2 respectively and are realizable with the supersymmetry operators of parastatistics given by 3x3 matrix operators

                           ζ’  =   √2 ( {0,1,0} : {0,0,1}: {0,0,0} )

and   ζ  = √2 ( {0,0,0} : {1,0,0}: {0,1,0} )  ……………….(6)

The entity  | ζ’. ζ | = ( {2,0,0}: {0,0,O} : {0,0, -2} )

 is proportional to Spin-1 representation of SO(3) group.

Use of operators

(p + i* ω₁) and (p - i* ω₂), ……………………(7)

with p momentum and ω₁ and ω₂ mass-frequencies ensures the equality of masses for the smons A and T respectively while DS smon is expected to be massless. An important feature of our symmetry-supersymmetry model is that the gluon type  X, Y, Z quanta carry the charges as per the QCD requirements, but as well they posses mass[9]. We note according to QCD analogy,

               X ^μ = 1/√2 ( G₁^μ   + i* G₂^μ)  :

             Y ^μ = 1/√2 ( G₄^μ   + i* G₅^μ)  :

         Z ^μ = 1/√2 ( G₆^μ   + i* G₇^μ)  :   …….……(8)

            In addition we have A^μ = G₃^μ and B^μ = G₈^μ.  

Then our Lagrangian would be

Fig.2 The Lagrangian with Gluons X, Y, Z, the isotopic Charge

and Color Hyper Charge

                   We retained two kinds of charges a color isotopic charge (λ₃/2) and a color hypercharge (λ₈/2). The Gluons X, Y, Z also carry these charges. An octet meson can change its color by absorbing or emitting one of these gluons but only under a symmetry-supersymmetry interaction.

              Meson+ smonà Meson + smon ……………………(9)

               Thus the meson-smon vertex terms and their diagrams are much more complex. The only reason of the mass acquisition by these gluons is the compactness of Strange Matter. This is unlike the usual assumption that mass shells for quarks and gluons do not exist in the QCD theory. Two types of vector currents the so-called F^v_μ and D^v_μ in terms of anti-symmetric and symmetric combinations of  trace less (symmetry) and supersymmetry tensors of Octet and Nonet respectively meson entities and the supersymmetry entities would lead to both the Strangeness-changing and Strangeness-conserving current amplitudes.

STRANGENESS CHANGING

Fig.3A   IMG_2572

                                                  Fig.3B       IMG_2572


STRANGENESS CONSERVING

Fig.4A     IMG_2573

Fig.4B        IMG_2573

My model differs from Weinberg-Salam gauge theory of Higgs, Wess-Zumino.

 The Weinberg-Salam model gives,  m²_w = ½ g² ρ_o ²  and m_H= 2* λ ^½ ρ₀ and m_z/m_W = 1/cos(θ_w) where θ_w is Weinberg angle, where W_±^μ  Z ^μ , and H are the Wess, Zumino and Higgs fields respectively.

                   

         The non-diagonal mass terms play a role with θ₁,  θ_2,  θ₃ angles of KM-matrix giving rise to massive intermediate gauge fields much more general than Weinberg and Salam.

Note:

                 Hence, it is not just that Higgs Boson is responsible for the “mass–scalar” that makes the elementary particles to acquire mass. Nature is more subtle in its symmetry-supersymmetry interaction of the NEW MATTER.
    [Ref. 4d]

A special version of the Lagrangian yields

    Fig.5  IMG_2574

Reference for super quark processes see [11].

SUPERSYMMETRY

Q=[0 0; p+i*ω(x) 0]= p+i*ω(x) * J^p  ;

Q^†= [0 p - i*ω(x) ; 0 0 ]= p - i*ω(x) * J^p† ; ……………………(10)

Here p= -i∂_x and ω(x) is an arbitrary super potential. 

Supersymmetry obeys algebra Q Q^† + Q^† Q = 2*H and Q² =  Q^†2 = 0; [Q, H]=0.

With the Hamiltonian as

                          H= ½ *[ p² +   ω² + ω¹   0; 0     p² +   ω² - ω¹]

                           i.e. H= ½ (p² +   ω² ) +1/2 * ω¹ *[ J^p†,  J^p] . ……………………(11)

Define hermitian charges as

                  Q₁= (Q^† + Q) and Q₂= (Q^† - Q)/ √2 i

                      and { Q_{i ,}  Q_k} =2*δ_ik H  ……………………(12)

PARAFERMIONS

Define parafermions  ,   ^†  with commutation relations 

 ^†   = 2;  ³ =0; ² ^† + ^† ² = 2 ;……………………(13)

Where  ^† = √2 [ 0 1 0; 0 0 1; 0 0 0]

and  =√2 [0 0 0; 1 0 0; 0 1 0]

yielding

                       [ ^† ,  ] = [ 2 0 0; 0 0 0; 0 0 -2] ……………………(14)

is proportional to J₃ component of SO(3) group.

Adopt                          Q^†3 = Q³ = 0 

where now            Q =[ 0 0 0; p+i*ω₁ 0 0; 0 p- i*ω₂ 0] ; 

and

            Q^† =[ 0; p- i*ω₁ 0;  0 0 p- i*ω₂ ; 0 0 0] ……………………(15)

where ω₁  and ω₂  are super-potentials

Q^† Q - Q Q^† = [Q^† , Q].

we have

 [p² + ω₁²   0  0; 0 p² + ω₂² 0; 0 0 0] – [ 0 0 0; 0  p² + ω ₁² 0 ; 0 0 p² + ω ₂²]=

[p² + ω ₁²   0   0 ; 0  (ω₂² - ω ₁² ) 0; 0   0  - (p² + ω₂²)]. ……………………(16)

If ω₂ =0 then this yields

(p² + ω ₁² ) * [1 0 0; 0 0 0; 0 0 -1].

We may calculate  

Q² Q^† ; Q Q^† Q etc.,

and  we obtain

Q² Q^† +  Q Q^† Q + Q^† Q²  =

4* Q*H Q^†2 Q +  Q^† Q  Q^† + Q Q^†2 = 4* Q^† *H……………………(17)

                                               With [ H, Q]= [ H, Q^†] =0;

Provided   (ω₂² - ω ₁² ) ‘ + ((ω₂ + ω ₁ )’’ = 0.

and  ω₂ + ω₁   ≠ 0

Here 

  4*H= 2 p²+ ω ₁²  + ω₂² + [ (3 ω_{’1 +} ω’ ₂ )   0   0; 0    ω’₂   - ω ’₁  0; 0  0   (- ω’₁ - 3 ω’ ₂ ) ].

We may write this as

Q= 1/(2 √2) *[ (p+i*ω₁) * ^†   ²  + (p+i*ω₂)  *  ²   ^† ] ………(18)

And

H= ½ [p²+ ½ *(ω ₁²  + ω₂²) + 3/2 * (ω’₁   -  ω’ ₂) + ω’ ₂ ^†   - ω’_{1  *}  ^† ]

Hamiltonian is diagonal

J₃      and    N= J₃ +1 

are conserved.

We have

Q ³ = Q ₁ *H ;  Q ³ ₂ = Q₂ *H ;

Q ₁ ²  Q ₂ + Q ₁ Q ₂ Q ₁  + Q ₂ Q ²₁  = Q₂ *H;

Q ₂ ²  Q ₁ + Q ₂ Q ₁ Q ₂  + Q ₁ Q ²₂  = Q₁ *H; ……(19)

Then  we  get one relation of  ordinary  super-symmetry algebra

({Q_i , Q_j }–2 δ _ij  H) Q_k+({Q_j , Q_k }–2δ_jkH) Q_i + ({Q_k , Q_i}–2δ_ki H) Q_j  =0  

for i, j, k, indices.

CONCLUSIONS

                   The New theory is intuitively suggested to explain the salient features of the structure of the STRANGE MATTER of the compact entities that were recently discovered in the observations by Chandra Satellite and Hubble Telescope and specifically involves the symmetry-supersymmetry interaction terms and acquisition of mass by color Gluon. 

                 What is the relation between the STRANGE MATTER and the anti-photon [Ref.10] is under progress. 

         {Graviton and Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance has been presented by the author in Papers listed below as A and B.}

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

                         The article is dedicated to the 106th Birth memory of Prof. K. R. Rao D.Sc. (Madras). D. Sc. (London). Especially the author would like to express his gratitude to the scientists and the staff at the FERMI LABS during his visit when TEVATRON was being built. The author also wants to record the help and keen support by Late Dr. Rama Leela, M. B. B. S, D.G.O of Hollywood, Florida, U. S. A for making it possible of my visit to FERMI LABS and she took the trouble of driving me in her car to and from the FERMI LABS for my sake. She was so much thrilled of my visit to the FERMI LABS an unforgettable experience for me personally. I bought some slides at the FERMI LABS and also made discussions with staff there.

APPENDIX

  
 Fig.6       IMG_ 2575

   Fig.7       IMG_ 2576

  Fig.8      IMG_2577

    Fig.9      IMG_2578

  Fig.10    IMG_2579

REFERENCES

1. Tuesday, December 10, 2013; “Some Experimental Investigations on Nuclear   Quadrupole Resonance and Graviton”: KLN: trusciencetechnology@blogspot.com,  Volume 2013 Issue No.4, Dt. 16 April, 2013 Time:19h20m.P.M.
2. Monday, December 9, 2013; “Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance and Graviton” : New Mathematics: KLN : trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com, Volume 2013,  Issue No.10, Dt.10  October, 2013 Time : 09h56m A.M.

*Physics World, October 2000, Manuele Quereigh, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezone di Padova 135131, Padov, Italy. (physics.arizona.edu/~rafelski/).

and the Experimental Physics Division, CERN,1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.

1. S.I. Robertson, I. J. Darryl, “On the origin of the Universal Radio-X-Ray Luminosity Correlations in Black Hole Candidates”, arXiv:astrophysics-ph 0403445 V1 18 Feb 2004 & Mon. Not. R. Astron.Soc. Printed e June 2005 and Harvard Archives.
2. Christoph Schaab, “ From Quark Matter to Strange Machos”, Astro-ph 9609067 Mon. 9^th Sept 1996,I. Weber, Ch, Schaab, M.K. Weigel, N.K. Glendenning .Presented by F. Weber at the Vulcano Workshop 1996 Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and Particle Physics May 27 – June 1, Vulcano, Italy . to be published by the Societa Italiana di Fisica. Report no. LBNL-39305.
3. I. Witten, Phy. Rev Vol.D30, 272, 1984. S. Banerjee, S. K. Ghosh, S. Raha, J.Phy.G. Nucl. Part. Phys. 26.1.1; G.I. Burgio, M. Baldo, P.K. Sahu, A. B. Santra, H. J.Schultz, Phy. Lett. Vol.B526, p.19, 2002;M.K.Mak, F. Harko, Int. J. Mod.Phys Vol. D3, 149, 2004; T. Harko, K.S. Cheng, Astron. Astrophys. Vol.385,047 , 2002 N.K. Glendenning, J. Schaffner-Bielich, Phys. Rev. Vol. C58, p.1298, 1998.
4. a. K. L. Narayana ,”On the violation of an inherent symmetry Principle of Spin- 2 particles”, Il Nuovo Cimento. Seriell, 33A, p.641, 1976and “On the Unification of Gravity and Quantum Physics”, J. Shivaji University,            (Science),Vol.17,p.13-21,1977 

             b. and Invited talk presented at GRG 8^th National Symposium at Bhavanagar, 1978.

and references contained in it.

c. Also “A physical Model for two particle baryon resonance systems and a postulation of medium and low interactions”, Indian Journal of Physics, Vol.50, p.993-1002, 1976.

d. See my December 2013  trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com,
    for publications on New Graviton Theories.

The most detailed visible-light image ever taken of a narrow dusty ring around the nearby star Fomalhaut (H I 216956) and this image offers the strongest evidence yet that an unruly and unseen planet may be gravitationally tugging on the ring. Part of the ring to the left was outside the telescope’s view. Hubble unequivocally shows that the centre of the ring is a whopping 1.4Billion miles (15 astronomical units) away from the star. This is a distance equal to nearly halfway across our solar system. The geometrically striking ring, tilted obliquely toward Earth, would not have such a great offset if it were simply being influenced by Fomalhaut’s gravity alone.

5. K. L. Narayana, Nucl. & Solid State Phys. Symposium, Vol.93N, BARC, India,1969.
6. Chandrasekhar S, Astrophysics Journal, Vol. 100., p.176, 1944, ibid Vol.102, p.223, 1945, ibid Vol.104, p.430, 1946 and “Sir” CVR reference Patna Science Congress address, Jan 2, 1948!

     7.  I. V. Shuryak and I. Zahed, arXiv:hep-ph/0307267 V3 12 Aug 2003.

    
     8.  S. L. Robertson and I. J. Darryl, arXiv.astro-ph 0402445 vl18, 18 Feb 2004

            and Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc: 3 June 2005 also see the equation of a Strange

            Star given by J. L. Zdunik A&A, Vol.359, p.311, 2000.

     9.   M. Kobayashi, K. Maskawa, Prog. Theor. Phys., Vol.49, p.652, 1975

and Dated 05/08/2006 1:28:13PM http://tru.science.westgodavari.org.

      10. trusciencetrutechnology@blogspot.com, Volume 2013 Issue No.12, Monday, Dt.2 December

           2013, Time: 4h234m PM.” A SPINORIAL THEORY OF CONTINUUM MECHANICS MODEL OF

          LIGHT AND THE PHOTO-VECTOR BOSON MULTIPLETS”, by K. L. Narayana, M. Inst. P. (Lond)

          Professor, Shivaji University,Kolhapur-416004,[Technical Session II PAPER No.2

          Dt. September 2, 1884, “A symposium on Variational Methods in Continuum Mechanics”,

          Organized by Department of Mathematics, Regional Engineering College, Warangal -506004

          A.P. India.Key Words: Anti-photon, Instanton charges, SU(8) symmetry, Nijenhuis Tensor,

         Tetrad legs.

      11. K. L. Narayana, “Super-quark processes, mean lives of Stellar Objects,

            quark-thermocycle phenomenon etc, Proc. Eddington

            Centenary Symposium Vol.3, Gravitational Radiation & Relativity, 
            p.208-314,  World Scientific 1986; and ibid p.315-325, 1986.

     

Some other on Gravity Publications by me:

List Prepared.

        150.  K. L. Narayana,”Gravy Quarks supergravity formulation and Cosmic string

         generation of Particles”, Global Conf. on Mathematical Physics (Cent.

         Celebrations of Niels Bohr and H. Weyl) Einstein Foundation International

         Oct 25, University of Nagpur, (Page.62), 1987.

       148.   K. L. Narayana, “A possible Cosmological High Energy Universe”, High Energy

        Physics and Astrophysics Int. Conf: University of Kashmir, Srinagar,

        Dated 9th September 1987.

        147.  K. L. Narayana, “Physical Process of Gravitons and Gravy Quarks in the Interior

        of Supergravity Cosmic stellar structures”, 72nd Sess. Of Ind. Sci. Cong. Lucknow,

        January 5th, 1985

        and  Proc.of Sir Arthur Eddington Centenary Symposium, Vol.3

        Nagpur, 23 February, 1984.

      140.  K. L. Narayana, “Dominance of B¹⁰ or C¹² nuclear production during

          Gravitational Collapse in the Stellar Interior?”, Proceedings of Sir

          Arthur Eddington Centenary Symposium, Vol.3, Nagpur, 23^rd February 1984.

       143. K. L. Narayana, “Gravitational Instability generated by stochastic process and

        New Plasma Waves.” Mathematics section, 73rd Ind. Sci. Cong. Delhi University,

        January 5-7^th, 1986. 

      137.  K. L. Narayana,”Physical process of Gravitons and Gravy Quark in the interior

          of  Supergravity Cosmic Stellar structures”, 72^nd Session of Ind. Sci. Cong.

         January 5^th, 1985 and

         Arthur Eddington Centenary Symposium, Vol.3, Nagpur, 23^rd February 1984.

     126.   K. L.Narayana,” on Spinorial and Materialistic optical Cosmod tensor Invariants

        and Cosmod Gravity”, 73rd Sess. Ind. Sci. Cong. Delhi January 6th, Physics

        Section, 1986 and 72nd sess. Of Ind. Sci.Cong. Lucknow, Mathematics section,

        January 6th, 1985.

    114.  K. L. Narayana,”On Super-Gravity Theories and Meta Physical Models of Hindu

        Vaisheshika Philosophy”, AHPS, 5^th January, 70^th Session of Proc. of Ind. Sci.

        Cong.,  Sri Venkatewswara University, Tirupati, 1983.

     115.  K. L. Narayana,”Magnetic Monopoles their constituents, GUT and Cosmological

        Types of Magnetic Monopoles”, 11^th December, Symp/ on Theoretical Studies,

        Shivaji Univewrsity, Kolhapur-416004, 1982.

     117.  K. L. Narayana,”On Gravitational Invariant Particle Wave Equations in a

        Generalized Lyra space, GR-10, Conf. Institute di Fisica, “G.Galilei”,Padova, Italy.

     118.  K. L. Narayana, “Gravitational Gauge potentials with twenty-spin-coefficients

          and an extended electro-weak theory”, GR-10, Conf. Institute di Fisica

          “G.Galilei”, Padov, Italy.
     119.  K. L. Narayana, “Quadrupolar Binding of Gravitational free Quarks”,

        GR-10, Conf. Institute di Fisica “G.Galilei” Padov, Italy.

     112.  K. L. Narayana,”Stability of Radial Modes and Magnetic Monopoles (Gauge

         Quantal ) solutions of Relativistic Plasma Stars”, Gorakhpur, 3-8^th November,    

         Paper No.      Proc. of Indian Astronomical Society, 1982.

      111.  K. L. Narayana,”On complex angular momenta of Magnetic Plasma Stars and

        Gravitational Dyons”, 1^st December, Paper No.14,: MATSCIENCE, Conf. on

        General Relativity and Special Relativity and its Ramifications, 21^st December

        Mysore, CFTRI, 1982.

      110.  K. L. Narayana,”On certain new conserved quantities Governing the behavior of

        Magneto-fluids in General Relativity”, Paper No. 12: MATSCIENCE, Conf. on

        General Relativity and Special Relativity and its Ramifications, 21^st December

        Mysore, CFTRI, 1982.

     109. K. L. Narayana,”Magnetic Monopoles, Isorotation and Stream lines of Geodesic

        Flow of RMHD in Magnetic Plasma Stars”, 70^th Proc. of Ind. Sci. Cong.

        Mathematics Section, (Late Paper), Shri  Venkateswara University, 5^th January,

        1983.

     103. K. L. Narayana,”On Spin-Gravity in a new Renormalization Theory of Electro-

        Weak interactions and Gravy-Changing (neutral) Currents existence”, 7^th Jan,

         Paper No.147, the 69^th Sess. of Ind. Sci. Cong. Mathematics Section,

         Manasagangotri, (Indian Express 7-1-1982), 1982.

     100.  K. L. Narayana,”On certain New Conserved Quantities governing the behavior of

       Magneto-fluids in General Relativity”, Paper No.12 : MATSCIENCE: Institute of

       Mathematical Sciences, Madras, “Conference on Special and General Relativity and

       Applications”, 15^th to 21^st February 1982.

   94.   K. L. Narayana,”On the violation of the metric reversal invariance symmetry

      and Existance of a new n-Meson”, Symposium on Theoret5ical Studies: Theoretical

      Physics Group, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, 12^th July 1981.

   89.  K. L. Narayana,” Graviton and Anti-Graviton annihilation and creation of

      Fermi-Quark and f-meson pair multiplets”, Mathematics Section, Paper No.114,

      68^th Ind. Sci. Cong. Session, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 3-8^th January,

      1981.

   88.    K. L. Narayana, “Space Science analysis of the 19^th November 1977 Indian

      Penninsular Double Cyclone and their gravitational interaction and a model of

      a helical cyclonic metric structure”, Physics Section, Paper No.89, the 68^th Ind. Sci.

      Cong. Session, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 3-8^th January 1981.

   79.  K. L. Narayana,”Behrrung Gauge approach and an Unified Model of Gravitation,

      Electromagnetism and Strong interactions”, 67^th Ind. Sci. Cong. Session,

      Mathematics Section, Jadhavapur University, Calcutta, February 6^th

      Paper No.  1980.

  78.K. L. Narayana,”Charmed spin 5/2 graviton within a super-gravity formulation”,

      67^th Ind. Sci. Cong. Sess, Physics Section, Jadhvapur University, Calcutta,

      Paper No.5, February 2^nd, 1980.

  76.  Dr. K. L. Narayana,”On other Gravity Possibilities of Gravitation”, Vol.1, p.641,

      Einstein Centenary Symposium, Nagpur University, Nagpur, Duhita Publishers,

      Einstein Foundation, Nagpur, Eds. K. Kondo and T. M. Karade.

      held on Feb.20^th, 1980.

Professor Dr. Kotcherlakota Lakshmi Narayana,
(Retd. Prof. of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004),

(Residential Address)

17-11-10, Narasimha Ashram, Official Colony,Maharanipeta. P.O.,

Visakhapatnam -530002, A.P. India.